| Null-terminated byte strings | ||||
| Null-terminated multibyte strings | ||||
| Null-terminated wide strings |
| Functions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversions to and from numeric formats | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| String manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| String examination | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Memory manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(C11)(C11) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A null-terminated byte string (NTBS) is a sequence of nonzero bytes followed by a byte with value zero (the terminating null character). Each byte in a byte string encodes one character of some character set. For example, the character array{'\x63','\x61','\x74','\0'} is an NTBS holding the string"cat" inASCII encoding.
Contents |
Character classification | |
Defined in header <ctype.h> | |
| checks if a character is alphanumeric (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is alphabetic (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is lowercase (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is an uppercase character (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a digit (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a hexadecimal character (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a control character (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a graphical character (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a space character (function)[edit] | |
(C99) | checks if a character is a blank character (function)[edit] |
| checks if a character is a printing character (function)[edit] | |
| checks if a character is a punctuation character (function)[edit] | |
Character manipulation | |
| converts a character to lowercase (function)[edit] | |
| converts a character to uppercase (function)[edit] | |
Note: additional functions whose names begin with eitherto oris, followed by a lowercase letter, may be added to the header<ctype.h> in future and should not be defined by programs that include that header.
| ASCII values | characters | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| decimal | hexadecimal | octal | |||||||||||||
| 0–8 | \x0–\x8 | \0–\10 | control codes (NUL, etc.) | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 9 | \x9 | \11 | tab (\t) | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 10–13 | \xA–\xD | \12–\15 | whitespaces (\n,\v,\f,\r) | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 14–31 | \xE–\x1F | \16–\37 | control codes | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 32 | \x20 | \40 | space | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 33–47 | \x21–\x2F | \41–\57 | !"#$%&'()*+,-./ | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 48–57 | \x30–\x39 | \60–\71 | 0123456789 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 |
| 58–64 | \x3A–\x40 | \72–\100 | :;<=>?@ | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 65–70 | \x41–\x46 | \101–\106 | ABCDEF | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 |
| 71–90 | \x47–\x5A | \107–\132 | GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 91–96 | \x5B–\x60 | \133–\140 | [\]^_` | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 97–102 | \x61–\x66 | \141–\146 | abcdef | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 |
| 103–122 | \x67–\x7A | \147–\172 | ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 |
| 123–126 | \x7B–\x7E | \173–\176 | {|}~ | 0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | ≠0 | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 127 | \x7F | \177 | backspace character (DEL) | ≠0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Conversions to and from numeric formats | |
Defined in header <stdlib.h> | |
| converts a byte string to a floating-point value (function)[edit] | |
(C99) | converts a byte string to an integer value (function)[edit] |
(C99) | converts a byte string to an integer value (function)[edit] |
(C99) | converts a byte string to an unsigned integer value (function)[edit] |
(C99)(C99) | converts a byte string to a floating-point value (function)[edit] |
(C23)(C23)(C23) | converts a floating-point value to a byte string (function)[edit] |
Defined in header <inttypes.h> | |
(C99)(C99) | converts a byte string tointmax_t oruintmax_t (function)[edit] |
String manipulation | |
Defined in header <string.h> | |
(C11) | copies one string to another (function)[edit] |
(C11) | copies a certain amount of characters from one string to another (function)[edit] |
(C11) | concatenates two strings (function)[edit] |
(C11) | concatenates a certain amount of characters of two strings (function)[edit] |
| transform a string so that strcmp would produce the same result as strcoll (function)[edit] | |
(C23) | allocates a copy of a string (function)[edit] |
(C23) | allocates a copy of a string of specified size (function)[edit] |
String examination | |
Defined in header <string.h> | |
(C11) | returns the length of a given string (function)[edit] |
| compares two strings (function)[edit] | |
| compares a certain amount of characters of two strings (function)[edit] | |
| compares two strings in accordance to the current locale (function)[edit] | |
| finds the first occurrence of a character (function)[edit] | |
| finds the last occurrence of a character (function)[edit] | |
| returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters found in another byte string (function)[edit] | |
| returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters not found in another byte string (function)[edit] | |
| finds the first location of any character in one string, in another string (function)[edit] | |
| finds the first occurrence of a substring of characters (function)[edit] | |
(C11) | finds the next token in a byte string (function)[edit] |
Character array manipulation | |
Defined in header <string.h> | |
| searches an array for the first occurrence of a character (function)[edit] | |
| compares two buffers (function)[edit] | |
(C23)(C11) | fills a buffer with a character (function)[edit] |
(C11) | copies one buffer to another (function)[edit] |
(C11) | moves one buffer to another (function)[edit] |
(C23) | copies one buffer to another, stopping after the specified delimiter (function)[edit] |
Miscellaneous | |
Defined in header <string.h> | |
(C11)(C11) | returns a text version of a given error code (function)[edit] |
| Extended content |
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C++ documentation for Null-terminated byte strings |
