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 | man pages section 3: Basic Library Functions Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library |
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| man pages section 3: Basic Library Functions Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library |
enable_extended_FILE_stdio(3C)
posix_spawnattr_getschedparam(3C)
posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy(3C)
posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault(3C)
posix_spawnattr_getsigignore_np(3C)
posix_spawnattr_getsigmask(3C)
posix_spawnattr_setschedparam(3C)
posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy(3C)
posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault(3C)
posix_spawnattr_setsigignore_np(3C)
posix_spawnattr_setsigmask(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy(3C)
posix_spawn_file_actions_init(3C)
pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3C)
pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3C)
pthread_attr_getschedparam(3C)
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3C)
pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3C)
pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3C)
pthread_attr_setschedparam(3C)
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3C)
pthread_barrierattr_destroy(3C)
pthread_barrierattr_getpshared(3C)
pthread_barrierattr_setpshared(3C)
pthread_condattr_getpshared(3C)
pthread_condattr_setpshared(3C)
pthread_cond_reltimedwait_np(3C)
pthread_key_create_once_np(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(3C)
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(3C)
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling(3C)
pthread_mutex_reltimedlock_np(3C)
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling(3C)
pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(3C)
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(3C)
pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(3C)
pthread_rwlock_reltimedrdlock_np(3C)
pthread_rwlock_reltimedwrlock_np(3C)
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock(3C)
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock(3C)
rctlblk_get_enforced_value(3C)
- code conversion allocation function
#include <iconv.h>iconv_ticonv_open(const char *tocode,const char *fromcode);
Theiconv_open() function returns a conversion descriptor that describes a conversion fromthe codeset specified by the string pointed to by thefromcode argumentto the codeset specified by the string pointed to by thetocodeargument. For state-dependent encodings, the conversion descriptor will be in a codeset-dependentinitial shift state, ready for immediate use with theiconv(3C) function.
Settings offromcode andtocode and their permitted combinations are implementation-dependent.
Theiconv_open() function supports the alias of the encoding name specified intocode andfromcode. The alias table of the encoding name isdescribed in the file/usr/lib/iconv/alias. Seealias(4).
When “ ” (empty string) orchar is supplied as the stringvalue forfromcode argument,tocode argument, or both, it is interpreted bythe function as the codeset name of the current locale. Similarly, whenwchar_t is supplied, the function interprets it as the wide character encodingof the current locale in the natural byte order of the currentprocessor or as defined by the locale.
When one or more of the following indicators are appended to thestring values pointed to by the arguments, code conversion behavior will bemodified as specified at below:
When specified, during subsequenticonv() code conversion, a sequence of illegal input bytes that does not form a valid character in the codeset specified by thefromcode argument is silently discarded as if there are no such illegal bytes in the input buffer and the conversion continues.
For any illegal input bytes, theiconv() code conversion converts each of such bytes into a hexadecimal number with a specific leading four-letter designator sequence as if such is a valid input byte and the conversion continues. More specifically, each of such hexadecimal numbers has a leading four-letter designator sequence of “IL--” followed by two hexadecimal digits in uppercase, for instance, “IL--01” for 1, “IL--0A” for 10, “IL--0B” for 11, “L--EF” for 239, and so on.
When specified, theiconv() code conversion simply converts back the above mentioned hexadecimal numbers for illegal input bytes into corresponding byte values regardless of the codeset specified by thetocode argument. For instance, “IL--0A” will be converted back into a byte with 10 as the value and “IL--FF” into 255.
If the characters following the leading four-letter designator sequence do not form a valid hexadecimal number, such a sequence will not be treated as a hexadecimal number for illegal input bytes.
During subsequenticonv() code conversion, if the conversion encounters a character in the input buffer in the codeset specified by thefromcode argument that is legal but for which an identical character does not exist in the target codeset specified by thetocode argument, i.e., non-identical characters, the conversion discards such characters in the output buffer instead of doing an implementation-defined conversion.
The number of such conversions are, nonetheless, still counted and returned as the return value oficonv().
For non-identical characters, theiconv() code conversion converts each byte of such characters into a hexadecimal number with a specific leading four-letter designator sequence. More specifically, each of such hexadecimal numbers has a leading four-letter designator sequence of “NI--” followed by two hexadecimal digits in uppercase, for instance, “NI--02” for 2, “NI--0C” for 12, “NI--EF” for 239, and so on.
The number of such non-identical characters are counted and returned as the return value oficonv().
When specified, theiconv() code conversion converts back the above mentioned non-identical hexadecimal numbers into corresponding byte values regardless of the codeset specified by thetocode argument. For instance, “NI--0B” will be converted back into a byte with 11 as the value and “NI--FF” into 255.
If the characters following the leading four-letter designator sequence do not form a valid hexadecimal number, such a sequence will not be treated as a non-identical hexadecimal number.
For non-identical characters, if applicable, theiconv() code conversion transliterates each of such characters into one or more characters of the target codeset best resembling the input character.
The number of such non-identical characters are counted and returned as the return value oficonv().
A convenience alias to//NON_IDENTICAL_DISCARD//ILLEGAL_DISCARD indicators.
A convenience alias to//NON_IDENTICAL_REPLACE_HEX//ILLEGAL_REPLACE_HEX indicators.
A convenience alias to//NON_IDENTICAL_RESTORE_HEX//ILLEGAL_RESTORE_HEX indicators.
A convenience alias to//NON_IDENTICAL_TRANSLITERATE indicator.
When conflicting indicators are specified, one specified right-most within an argument andattocode argument if specified at both arguments will override preceding indicators.As an example, in the following:
cd = iconv_open("UTF-8//IGNORE//REPLACE_HEX", "ISO8859-1//ILLEGAL_REPLACE_HEX");Among the three indicators specified, the//REPLACE_HEX will be honored. For moredetails on the associated error numbers and function return values aticonv(),seeiconv(3C).
A conversion descriptor remains valid in a process until that process closesit.
For examples using theiconv_open() function, see the Examples section belowandiconv(3C).
Upon successful completioniconv_open() returns a conversion descriptor for use onsubsequent calls toiconv(). Otherwise,iconv_open() returns(iconv_t)-1 and setserrno to indicate the error.
Theiconv_open function may fail if:
{OPEN_MAX} files descriptors are currently open in the calling process.
Too many files are currently open in the system.
Insufficient storage space is available.
The conversion specified byfromcode andtocode is not supported by the implementation.
Example 1 Useiconv_open() to open a simple code conversion.
#include <stdio.h>#include <errno.h>#include <iconv.h> :iconv_t cd; :/* Open an iconv code conversion from ISO 8859-1 to UTF-8. */cd = iconv_open("UTF-8", "ISO8859-1");if (cd == (iconv_t)-1) { (void) fprintf(stderr, "iconv_open(UTF-8, ISO8859-1) failed.\n"); return (1);}Example 2 Change conversion behavior by supplying conversion behavior modification indicators.
#include <stdio.h>#include <errno.h>#include <iconv.h> :iconv_t cd; :/* * Open an iconv code conversion from UTF-8 to ISO 8859-1 with * conversion behavior modification indicators that will remove * illegal byte sequences and replace non-identicals into hexadecimal * number strings. */cd = iconv_open("ISO8859-1//ILLEGAL_DISCARD//NON_IDENTICAL_REPLACE_HEX", "UTF-8");if (cd == (iconv_t)-1) { (void) fprintf(stderr, "iconv_open(UTF-8, ISO8859-1) failed.\n"); return (1);}alias table file of the encoding name
Seeattributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
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Theiconv_open() function is MT-Safe with exception if and only iffromcode,tocode, or both arguments are pointing to a value that is “” (empty string),char, orwchar_t since the function will have to callnl_langinfo(3C) to know the codeset of the current locale in such cases.See Attributes and Notes sections ofsetlocale(3C) for more detail. Otherwise, itis fully MT-Safe.
exec(2),iconv(3C),iconv_close(3C),malloc(3C),nl_langinfo(3C),setlocale(3C),alias(4),attributes(5),standards(5)
Theiconv_open() function usesmalloc(3C) to allocate space for internal buffer areas.iconv_open() may fail if there is insufficient storage space to accommodate these buffers.
Portable applications must assume that conversion descriptors are not valid after acall to one of theexec functions (seeexec(2)).
Individually, depending on the actual implementation of a code conversion, it ispossible that one or more (including all) conversion behavior modification indicators arenot supported by the code conversion andiconv_open() may fail.
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