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Joseph Wilhelm Swoboda (1806–1882) was a Czech operatic tenor, actor, and opera director. He started his career as a stage actor in his native country during the 1820s. He began his opera career in 1836 in Neustrelitz, and after appearing at several German opera houses, became a leading and comprimario tenor at the Vienna Hofoper from 1849–1865. He then served as the director of that theatre from 1865–1875; after which he worked in the same capacity at the from 1875–1878.