Lexicon
mashal: To rule, to have dominion, to govern
Original Word:מָשַׁל
Part of Speech:Verb
Transliteration:mashal
Pronunciation:mah-SHAL
Phonetic Spelling:(maw-shal')
Definition:To rule, to have dominion, to govern
Meaning:to rule
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
to have dominion, reign, bear, cause to, have ruling have power
A primitive root; to rule -- (have, make to have) dominion, governor, X indeed, reign, (bear, cause to, have) rule(-ing, -r), have power.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origina prim. root
Definitionto rule, have dominion, reign
NASB Translationdominion (1), gain control (1), govern (1), had charge (1), have authority (1), master (1), obtain dominion (1), really going to rule (1), rule (27), ruled (5), ruler (18), ruler's (2), rulers (6), rules (9), ruling (3), wielded (1).
Brown-Driver-Briggs
III. (Late Hebrew
Participle id.; Phoenician ); —
Perfect3masculine singular consecutiveZechariah 6:13 2t.,Daniel 11:4, consecutiveDaniel 11:5; 3feminine singularPsalm 103:19; 2masculine singularIsaiah 63:19,Deuteronomy 15:16; 3pluralIsaiah 3:5;Lamentations 5:8;Imperfect3masculine singularExodus 21:8 3t.,Proverbs 22:7;Genesis 3:16, etc.;ImperativeJudges 8:22;Infinitive absoluteGenesis 37:8;constructJudges 9:2 +,Joel 2:17, etc.;ParticipleGenesis 45:26 +, etc.; —
,rule, have dominion over ()Genesis 3:16;Genesis 4:7;Genesis 24:2 (all J),Genesis 45:8,26 (E),Genesis 37:8 (E);Deuteronomy 15:6 (twice in verse);Joshua 12:5 (D);Judges 8:22,23 (twice in verse);Judges 9:2 (twice in verse);Judges 14:4;Judges 15:11;2 Samuel 23:3 (Participle absolute =when one ruleth, compare Dr),1 Kings 5:1; 2Chronicles 7:18; 9:26; 23:20;Isaiah 3:4,12;Isaiah 19:4;Micah 5:2;Habakkuk 1:14;Jeremiah 22:30;Lamentations 5:8;Joel 2:17;Proverbs 16:32 (),Proverbs 17:21;Proverbs 9:10;Proverbs 22:7;Psalm 19:14;Psalm 105:21;Psalm 106:41;Daniel 11:43;Ecclesiastes 9:17; rarely other prepositions: (c. infinitive)Exodus 21:8 (E);Proverbs 28:15;Nehemiah 9:37,Jeremiah 33:26; with suffixIsaiah 52:5;Jeremiah 30:21; with accusative of congnate meaning with verbDaniel 11:3,4;Joshua 12:2 (D); absolute2 Samuel 23:3 (compare Dr),Ezekiel 19:14;Zechariah 6:13 ( location),Proverbs 12:24;Proverbs 29:2;Daniel 11:5; especially Participle as substantive =ruler,Isaiah 16:1,Psalm 105:20; absoluteIsaiah 14:5;Isaiah 49:7;Jeremiah 51:46 (twice in verse);Ezekiel 19:11;Proverbs 6:7;Proverbs 23:1;Proverbs 29:12,26;Ecclesiastes 10:4;Isaiah 28:14.
Genesis 1:18.
Judges 8:23;Isaiah 63:19;Psalm 22:29;Psalm 59:14;Psalm 89:10;Psalm 103:19;1 Chronicles 29:12; 2Chronicles 20:6; absolutePsalm 66:7;Isaiah 40:10his arm ruling for him.
Perfect3masculine singular suffix consecutiveDaniel 11:39;Imperfect2masculine singular suffixPsalm 8:7;Infinitive absoluteJob 25:2; —cause to rule,, followed by accusative of person +Psalm 8:7 (subject ),Daniel 11:39;exercise dominion, only infinitive absolute as noun abstractthe exercise of dominionJob 25:2 (attribute of God).
Topical Lexicon
Word Origin:A primitive root
Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries:•G936 • βασιλεύω (basileuō): to reign, to be king, to rule
•G2233 • ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai): to lead, to rule, to consider
•G2961 • κυριεύω (kyrieuō): to have dominion over, to rule
These Greek terms capture similar themes of authority and governance as seen in the Hebrew מָשַׁל, reflecting the continuity of these concepts across the biblical narrative.
Usage:The verb מָשַׁל (mashal) is used in the Hebrew Bible to denote the act of ruling or having dominion over others. It is often used in contexts where authority, governance, or control is exercised.
Context:The Hebrew verb מָשַׁל (mashal) is a fundamental term in the Old Testament, frequently appearing in contexts related to leadership and authority. It conveys the concept of ruling or having dominion, often in a political or social sense. This term is used to describe the authority of kings, leaders, and even God Himself over creation.
InGenesis 1:18, מָשַׁל is used to describe the dominion of the sun and moon over the day and night: "to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness." This illustrates the concept of ruling as an orderly and divinely instituted function.
The term also appears inGenesis 3:16, where it describes the relational dynamics post-Fall: "Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you." Here, מָשַׁל indicates a shift in relational authority and hierarchy.
In the context of human governance, מָשַׁל is used in passages like1 Kings 4:21, where Solomon's dominion is described: "Solomon ruled over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt." This highlights the extent and nature of his reign.
Theologically, מָשַׁל underscores the sovereignty of God, as seen inPsalm 103:19: "The LORD has established His throne in heaven, and His kingdom rules over all." This usage emphasizes God's ultimate authority over the universe.
The verb מָשַׁל is thus integral to understanding biblical concepts of leadership, authority, and divine sovereignty. It reflects the structured order within creation and human society as ordained by God.
Forms and Transliterations
אֶמְשֹׁ֤ל אמשל הַמְשֵׁ֣ל הַמְשֹׁ֨ל הַמֹּשֵׁ֖ל הַמּֽוֹשְׁלִ֨ים הַמּוֹשֵׁל֙ המושל המושלים המשל וְהִמְשִׁילָם֙ וְלִמְשֹׁל֙ וַֽיִּמְשְׁל֥וּ וּ֝מֹשֵׁ֗ל וּ֠מֹשֵׁל וּבִמְשֹׁ֥ל וּמָֽשַׁלְתָּ֙ וּמָשַׁ֖ל וּמָשַׁ֗ל וּמָשַׁל֙ וּמָשָׁ֔ל וּמֹֽשְׁלוֹ֙ וּמֹשֵֽׁל׃ וּמֹשֵׁ֖ל וּמֹשֵׁ֥ל ובמשל והמשילם וימשלו ולמשל ומשל ומשל׃ ומשלו ומשלת יִ֭מְשֹׁל יִמְשְׁלוּ־ יִמְשָׁל־ יִמְשֹֽׁלוּ׃ יִמְשֹׁ֥ל יִמְשׁ֑וֹל ימשול ימשל ימשל־ ימשלו־ ימשלו׃ לִמְשָׁל־ לִמְשׁ֑וֹל למשול למשל־ מ֭וֹשֵׁל מְשָׁל־ מְשֹׁ֥ל מְשֹׁ֬ל מָ֣שְׁלוּ מָשַׁ֣לְתָּ מָשָֽׁלָה׃ מָשָׁ֔ל מָשׁ֥וֹל מֹ֘שֵׁ֤ל מֹ֣שְׁלָה מֹ֭שֵׁל מֹֽשְׁלִ֔ים מֹֽשְׁלֵי֙ מֹשְׁלִ֔ים מֹשְׁלִ֤ים מֹשְׁלִ֥ים מֹשְׁלִֽים׃ מֹשֵֽׁל־ מֹשֵֽׁל׃ מֹשֵׁ֖ל מֹשֵׁ֡ל מֹשֵׁ֣ל מֹשֵׁ֥ל מֹשְׁלָ֤יו מוֹשֵׁ֑ל מוֹשֵׁ֔ל מוֹשֵׁ֖ל מוֹשֵׁ֣ל מוֹשֵׁל֙ מושל משול משל משל־ משל׃ משלה משלה׃ משלו משלי משליו משלים משלים׃ משלת תִּמְשָׁל־ תִּמְשֹׁ֖ל תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל תַּ֭מְשִׁילֵהוּ תמשול תמשילהו תמשל תמשל־ ’em·šōl ’emšōl emShol ham·mō·šêl ham·mō·wō·šə·lîm ham·mō·wō·šêl ham·šêl ham·šōl hammōšêl hammoShel hammosheLim hammōwōšêl hammōwōšəlîm hamšêl hamShel hamShol hamšōl lim·šāl- lim·šō·wl limšāl- limShol limšōwl mā·šā·lāh mā·šāl mā·šal·tā mā·šə·lū mā·šō·wl māšāl māšālāh māšaltā māšəlū maShal maShalah maShalta Mashelu maShol māšōwl mə·šāl- mə·šōl məšāl- meshol məšōl mō·šə·lāh mō·šə·lāw mō·šə·lê mō·šə·lîm mō·šêl mō·šêl- mō·wō·šêl Mooshel mōšêl mōšêl- mōšəlāh mōšəlāw mōšəlê mōšəlîm moShel Moshelah mosheLav mosheLei mosheLim mōwōšêl tam·šî·lê·hū Tamshilehu tamšîlêhū tim·šāl- tim·šō·wl tim·šōl timšāl- timshol timšōl timšōwl ū·ḇim·šōl ū·mā·šal ū·mā·šāl ū·mā·šal·tā ū·mō·šə·lōw ū·mō·šêl ūḇimšōl ūmāšal ūmāšāl ūmāšaltā umaShal umashalTa ūmōšêl ūmōšəlōw umoShel umosheLo uvimShol vaiyimsheLu vehimshiLam velimShol way·yim·šə·lū wayyimšəlū wə·him·šî·lām wə·lim·šōl wəhimšîlām wəlimšōl yim·šāl- yim·šə·lū- yim·šō·lū yim·šō·wl yim·šōl yimšāl- yimšəlū- yimshelu yimshol yimSholu yimšōl yimšōlū yimšōwl
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