Strong's Lexicon
oude: neither, nor, not even
Original Word:οὐδέ
Part of Speech:Conjunction,Negative
Transliteration:oude
Pronunciation:oo-deh'
Phonetic Spelling:(oo-deh')
Definition:neither, nor, not even
Meaning:neither, nor, not even, and not.
Word Origin:A combination of οὐ (ou, meaning "not") and δέ (de, meaning "but" or "and").
Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries:While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for "οὐδέ," similar negations can be found in Hebrew conjunctions like "וְלֹא" (ve-lo, meaning "and not" or "nor").
Usage:The Greek conjunction "οὐδέ" is used to connect clauses or phrases, typically to express a negative addition. It is often translated as "neither" or "nor" in English. It serves to emphasize the negation of both elements it connects, indicating that neither of the connected elements is true or applicable.
Cultural and Historical Background:In the context of Koine Greek, which was the common language of the Eastern Mediterranean from the time of Alexander the Great until the Byzantine Empire, conjunctions like "οὐδέ" were essential for constructing complex sentences and conveying nuanced meanings. The use of "οὐδέ" in the New Testament reflects the Jewish and Greco-Roman rhetorical styles of the time, where negation was often used to clarify or strengthen a point.
HELPS Word-studies
3761oudé (from3756/ou, "not" and1161/dé, "moreover") – properly,moreover not,neither indeed,not even,nor even.
3761/oudé ("neither indeed," "nor indeed") introduces a statement that is negatedfactually anddeductively (it occurs 137 times in the NT). That is, the negation rules out (invalidates) the statement that precedes it, and what naturally extends from it. This is analogous to the following: Because 100 is not enough, then neither are 90, 80, or 70 because they are all included in 100. Thus if "A" (100 in the previous example) is invalid, so is whatnecessarily follows (statement "B" – 90, 80, 70).
[Regardless of how3761 (oudé) is translated, it means: If "A" (the preceding statement)isn't true (valid) – then "B" (which extends from it) is alsonot valid. As in the previous example: If 100 is not enough (valid), then automatically neither are 90, 80, 70, etc.]
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Originfrom
ou, and
deDefinitionand not, neither
NASB Translationall (2), cannot* (3), either (4), even (37), neither (4), no (4), no* (1), nor (64), nothing* (1), or (20), then (1).
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 3761: οὐδέοὐδέ (from
Homer down), a neg. disjunctive conjunction, compounded of
οὐ and
δέ, and therefore properly, equivalent to
but not; generally, however, its oppositive force being lost, it serves to continue a negation. (On the elision of
ἐ when the next word begins with a vowel (observed by
Tdf. in eight instances, neglected in fifty-eight), see
Tdf. Proleg., p. 96; cf.
WHs Appendix, p. 146;
Winers Grammar, § 5, 1 a.;
Buttmann, p. 10f) It signifies:
1.and not, continuing a negation, yet differently fromοὔτε; for the latter connects parts or members of the same thing, sinceτέ is adjunctive like the Latinque; butοὐδέ places side by side things that are equal and mutually exclude each other ((?). There appears to be some mistake here in what is said about 'mutual exclusion' (cf.Winer's Grammar, § 55, 6):οὐδέ, likeδέ, always makes reference to something preceding;οὔτε to what follows also; the connection of clauses made negative byοὔτε is close and internal, so that they are mutually complementary and combine into a unity, whereas clauses negatived byοὐδέ follow one another much more loosely, often almost by accident as it were; seeWiner's Grammar, at the passage cited, and especially the quotations there given from Benfey and Klotz.) It differs fromμηδέ asοὐ does fromμή (which see ad at the beginning); afterοὐ, where each has its own verb:Matthew 5:15 6:28;Mark 4:22;Luke 6:44;Acts 2:27;Acts 9:9;Acts 17:24;Galatians 1:17;Galatians 4:14;οὐκοἶδαοὐδέἐπίσταμαι,Mark 14:68RGL marginal reading (others,οὔτε ...οὔτε) (Cicero, pro Rosc. American 43,non novi neque scio); cf.Winers Grammar, 490 (456)
c.; (Buttmann, 367 (315) note);οὐ ...οὐδέ ...οὐδέ,not ... nor ... nor,Matthew 6:26;οὐδείς ...οὐδέ ...οὐδέ ...οὐδέ,Revelation 5:3 (RG; cf.Buttmann, 367 (315);Winer's Grammar, 491 (457));οὐ ...οὐδέ; followed by a future ...οὐδέμή followed by subjunctive aorist ...οὐδέ,Revelation 7:16.οὐ ...οὐδέ, the same verb being common to both:Matthew 10:24;Matthew 25:13;Luke 6:43;Luke 8:17 (cf.Winers Grammar, 300 (281);Buttmann, 355 (305) cf. § 139, 7);John 6:24;John 13:16;Acts 8:21;Acts 16:21;Acts 24:18;Romans 2:28;Romans 9:16;Galatians 1:1;Galatians 3:28;1 Thessalonians 5:5;1 Timothy 2:12;Revelation 21:23. preceded byοὔπω,Mark 8:17; — byοὐδείς,Matthew 9:17; — byἵναμή, which is followed byοὐδέ ...οὐδέ, whereμηδέ ...μηδέ might have been expected (cf.Buttmann, § 148, 8; (Winer's Grammar, 474 (442)))Revelation 9:4.οὐδέγάρ,for neither,John 8:42;Romans 8:7.
2.also not (A. V. generallyneither):Matthew 6:15;Matthew 21:27;Matthew 25:45;Mark 11:26 (RL);Luke 16:31;John 15:4;Romans 4:15;Romans 11:21;1 Corinthians 15:13, 16;Galatians 1:12 (οὐδέγάρἐγώ (cf.Buttmann, 367 (315) note; 492 (458)));Hebrews 8:4, etc.;ἀλλ'οὐδέ,Luke 23:15;ἤοὐδέ, in a question,or doth not even etc.?1 Corinthians 11:14Rec.; the simpleοὐδέ, num ne quidem (have ye not even etc.) in a question where a negative answer is assumed (seeοὐ, 7):Mark 12:10;Luke 6:3;Luke 23:40; andGLTTrWH in1 Corinthians 11:14.
3.not even (Buttmann, 369 (316)):Matthew 6:29;Matthew 8:10;Mark 6:31;Luke 7:9;Luke 12:27;John 21:25 (Tdf. omits the verse);1 Corinthians 5:1;1 Corinthians 14:21;οὐδέεἷς (Winers Grammar, 173 (163);Buttmann, § 127, 32),Acts 4:32;Romans 3:10;1 Corinthians 6:5 (LTTrWHοὐδείς);οὐδέἕν,John 1:3;ἀλλ'οὐδέ,Acts 19:2;1 Corinthians 3:2 (Rec.ἀλλ'οὔτε);;Galatians 2:3. in a double negative for the sake of emphasis,οὐκ ...οὐδέ (Buttmann, 369 (316);Winer's Grammar, 500 (465)):Matthew 27:14;Luke 18:13;Acts 7:5.
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
neither, not even
Fromou andde; not however, i.e. Neither, nor, not even -- neither (indeed), never, no (more, nor, not), nor (yet), (also, even, then) not (even, so much as), + nothing, so much as.
see GREEKou
see GREEKde
Forms and Transliterations
ουδ ουδ' οὐδ' ουδε ουδέ οὐδε οὐδὲ oud oud' oude oudè
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