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◄ Leviticus 22:10►
New International Version
“’No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering, nor may the guest of a priest or his hired worker eat it.

New Living Translation
“No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offerings. Even guests and hired workers in a priest’s home are not allowed to eat them.

English Standard Version
“A lay person shall not eat of a holy thing; no foreign guest of the priest or hired worker shall eat of a holy thing,

Berean Standard Bible
No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering, nor may the guest of a priest or his hired hand eat it.

King James Bible
There shall no stranger eatof the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eatof the holy thing.

New King James Version
‘No outsider shall eat the holyoffering; one who dwells with the priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat the holy thing.

New American Standard Bible
‘No layman, however, is to eat the holygift; a foreign resident with the priest or a hired worker shall not eat the holygift.

NASB 1995
No layman, however, is to eat the holy gift; a sojourner with the priest or a hired man shall not eat of the holy gift.

NASB 1977
‘No layman, however, is to eat the holygift; a sojourner with the priest or a hired man shall not eat of the holygift.

Legacy Standard Bible
‘No layman, however, is to eat the holygift; a foreign resident with the priest or a hired man shall not eat of the holygift.

Amplified Bible
‘No layman [that is, someone outside of Aaron’s family] is to eat the holygift [which has been offered to God]; a foreigner residing with the priest or a hired man shall not eat the holy thing.

Christian Standard Bible
“No one outside a priest’s family is to eat the holy offering. A foreigner staying with a priest or a hired worker is not to eat the holy offering.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
No one outside a priest’s family is to eat the holy offering. A foreigner staying with a priest or a hired hand is not to eat the holy offering.

American Standard Version
There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest's, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

Contemporary English Version
Only you priests and your families may eat the food offerings; these are too sacred for any of your servants.

English Revised Version
There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest's, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Laypeople must never eat any holy offering, even if they are visiting a priest or are working for him.

Good News Translation
"Only a member of a priestly family may eat any of the sacred offerings; no one else may eat them--not even someone staying with a priest or hired by him.

International Standard Version
"No resident alien is to eat anything sacred. Neither the visitor of the priest nor a hired laborer is to eat anything sacred.

NET Bible
"'No lay person may eat anything holy. Neither a priest's lodger nor a hired laborer may eat anything holy,

New Heart English Bible
"'No stranger shall eat of the holy thing: a foreigner living with the priests, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

Webster's Bible Translation
There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering, nor may the guest of a priest or his hired hand eat it.

World English Bible
“‘No stranger shall eat of the holy thing: a foreigner living with the priests, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And no stranger eats of the holy thing; a settler [with] a priest and a hired worker does not eat of the holy thing;

Young's Literal Translation
'And no stranger doth eat of the holy thing; a settler of a priest and an hireling doth not eat of the holy thing;

Smith's Literal Translation
And any stranger shall not eat the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest and a hireling shall not eat the holy thing.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
No stranger shall eat of the sanctified things: a sojourner of the priests, or a hired servant, shall not eat of them.

Catholic Public Domain Version
No foreigner shall eat from what has been sanctified; a guest of the priests and a hired servant shall not eat from them.

New American Bible
Neither an unauthorized person nor a priest’s tenant or laborer may eat of any sacred offering.

New Revised Standard Version
No lay person shall eat of the sacred donations. No bound or hired servant of the priest shall eat of the sacred donations;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
There shall no alien eat of the holy things; a sojourner of the priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And no foreigner shall eat the holy; a guest of the Priest and a hired man shall not eat the holy.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
There shall no common man eat of the holy thing; a tenant of a priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And no stranger shall eat the holy things: one that sojourns with a priest, or a hireling, shall not eat the holy things.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Restrictions Against the Unclean
…9The priests must keep My charge, lest they bear the guilt and die because they profane it. I am the LORD who sanctifies them.10Nooneoutside a priest’s familymay eatthe sacred offering,normay the guestof a priestor his hired handeatit.11But if a priest buys a slave with his own money, or if a slave is born in his household, that slave may eat his food.…

Cross References
Numbers 18:4-7
They are to join you and attend to the duties of the Tent of Meeting, doing all the work at the Tent; but no outsider may come near you. / And you shall attend to the duties of the sanctuary and of the altar, so that wrath may not fall on the Israelites again. / Behold, I Myself have selected your fellow Levites from the Israelites as a gift to you, dedicated to the LORD to perform the service for the Tent of Meeting. ...

Numbers 18:11-13
And this is yours as well: the offering of their gifts, along with all the wave offerings of the Israelites. I have given this to you and your sons and daughters as a permanent statute. Every ceremonially clean person in your household may eat it. / I give you all the freshest olive oil and all the finest new wine and grain that the Israelites give to the LORD as their firstfruits. / The firstfruits of everything in their land that they bring to the LORD will belong to you. Every ceremonially clean person in your household may eat them.

Numbers 18:19
All the holy offerings that the Israelites present to the LORD I give to you and to your sons and daughters as a permanent statute. It is a permanent covenant of salt before the LORD for you and your offspring.”

Numbers 18:32
Once you have presented the best part of it, you will not incur guilt because of it. But you must not defile the sacred offerings of the Israelites, or else you will die.’”

Exodus 29:33
They must eat those things by which atonement was made for their ordination and consecration. But no outsider may eat them, because these things are sacred.

Exodus 29:34
And if any of the meat of ordination or any bread is left until the morning, you are to burn up the remainder. It must not be eaten, because it is sacred.

1 Samuel 21:4-6
“There is no common bread on hand,” the priest replied, “but there is some consecrated bread—provided that the young men have kept themselves from women.” / David answered, “Women have indeed been kept from us, as is usual when I set out. And the bodies of the young men are holy even on common missions. How much more so today!” / So the priest gave him the consecrated bread, since there was no bread there but the Bread of the Presence, which had been removed from before the LORD and replaced with hot bread on the day it was taken away.

Nehemiah 13:4-9
Now before this, Eliashib the priest, a relative of Tobiah, had been put in charge of the storerooms of the house of our God / and had prepared for Tobiah a large room where they had previously stored the grain offerings, the frankincense, the temple articles, and the tithes of grain, new wine, and oil prescribed for the Levites, singers, and gatekeepers, along with the contributions for the priests. / While all this was happening, I was not in Jerusalem, because I had returned to Artaxerxes king of Babylon in the thirty-second year of his reign. Some time later I obtained leave from the king ...

Ezekiel 44:7-9
In addition to all your other abominations, you brought in foreigners uncircumcised in both heart and flesh to occupy My sanctuary; you defiled My temple when you offered My food—the fat and the blood; you broke My covenant. / And you have not kept charge of My holy things, but have appointed others to keep charge of My sanctuary for you.’ / This is what the Lord GOD says: No foreigner uncircumcised in heart and flesh may enter My sanctuary—not even a foreigner who lives among the Israelites.

Ezekiel 44:28-31
In regard to their inheritance, I am their inheritance. You are to give them no possession in Israel, for I am their possession. / They shall eat the grain offerings, the sin offerings, and the guilt offerings. Everything in Israel devoted to the LORD will belong to them. / The best of all the firstfruits and of every contribution from all your offerings will belong to the priests. You are to give your first batch of dough to the priest, so that a blessing may rest upon your homes. ...

Matthew 12:4
He entered the house of God, and he and his companions ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for them to eat, but only for the priests.

Matthew 7:6
Do not give dogs what is holy; do not throw your pearls before swine. If you do, they may trample them under their feet, and then turn and tear you to pieces.

1 Corinthians 9:13
Do you not know that those who work in the temple eat of its food, and those who serve at the altar partake of its offerings?

1 Corinthians 10:18
Consider the people of Israel: Are not those who eat the sacrifices fellow partakers in the altar?

Hebrews 13:10
We have an altar from which those who serve at the tabernacle have no right to eat.


Treasury of Scripture

There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

1 Samuel 21:6
So the priest gave him hallowedbread: for there was no bread there but the shewbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.

Matthew 12:4
How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?

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Leviticus 22
1.The priests in their uncleanness must abstain from the holy things
6.How they shall be cleansed
10.Who of the priest's house may eat of the holy things
17.The sacrifices must be without blemish
26.The age of the sacrifice
29.The law of eating the sacrifice of thanksgiving














No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering
This phrase establishes the exclusivity of the sacred offerings to the priestly family, emphasizing the holiness and sanctity of the offerings. In the context of Leviticus, the sacred offerings were portions of sacrifices designated for the priests, who served as mediators between God and the Israelites. This restriction underscores the separation between the holy and the common, a recurring theme in Leviticus. The priesthood, originating from Aaron's lineage, was set apart for specific duties, and this exclusivity highlights the importance of maintaining purity and reverence in worship practices. This principle of separation can be seen as a precursor to the New Testament concept of the priesthood of all believers, where spiritual purity and dedication are emphasized.

nor may the guest of a priest
The mention of a guest, or sojourner, indicates that even those who might be temporarily residing with a priest are not permitted to partake in the sacred offerings. This reflects the broader cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, where hospitality was highly valued, yet boundaries regarding sacred practices were strictly maintained. The guest, though welcomed into the priest's home, does not share in the priestly privileges. This distinction reinforces the idea that access to the sacred is not merely a matter of proximity or association but is determined by divine ordinance.

or his hired hand eat it
The inclusion of a hired hand, or servant, further delineates the boundaries of who may partake in the sacred offerings. In ancient Israel, hired hands were often non-Israelites or individuals without a permanent status within the community. This restriction highlights the importance of covenant identity and the special role of the priestly family in the religious life of Israel. The hired hand, despite being part of the household economy, does not share in the covenantal privileges. This can be seen as a type pointing to the New Testament, where Jesus Christ, as the ultimate High Priest, extends the invitation to partake in the sacred through faith, transcending ethnic and social boundaries.

Persons / Places / Events
1.Priests
The descendants of Aaron, set apart to perform the duties of the tabernacle and later the temple. They were responsible for offering sacrifices and maintaining the holiness of the sacred offerings.

2.Sacred Offering
These were portions of sacrifices that were designated as holy and set apart for consumption by the priests and their families. They symbolized the provision and blessing of God.

3.Outsiders
Refers to anyone not belonging to the priestly family, including guests and hired workers. They were not permitted to partake in the sacred offerings, emphasizing the sanctity and exclusivity of these offerings.

4.Tabernacle/Temple
The central place of worship for the Israelites where sacrifices and offerings were made. It was a place of divine presence and holiness.

5.Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were given the Law through Moses, including the regulations concerning offerings and priestly conduct.
Teaching Points
Holiness and Separation
The sacred offerings were a symbol of God's holiness and provision. Just as the priests were set apart, believers today are called to live lives that reflect God's holiness.

Respect for Divine Ordinances
The restriction on who could eat the sacred offerings underscores the importance of respecting God's commands and the boundaries He sets. This teaches us to honor God's instructions in our lives.

Spiritual Privileges and Responsibilities
The priests had the privilege of partaking in the sacred offerings, but with it came the responsibility to maintain purity. Believers, as a spiritual priesthood, have privileges in Christ but must also uphold their responsibilities.

Community and Inclusion
While the sacred offerings were exclusive, the broader community of Israel was included in God's covenant. This balance of exclusivity and inclusion can guide how we engage with our faith communities today.
Lists and Questions
Top 10 Lessons from Leviticus 22

In Leviticus 22:10, does the exclusion of non-priests from eating sacred offerings conflict with later biblical themes of inclusivity?

How do Leviticus 22’s rules compare with New Testament teachings on grace and accessibility for all believers?

Who was the high priest in the Bible?

How is Jesus represented in each book of the Bible?(10)There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing.--By "stranger" here is meant a non-Aaronite who was a stranger to the priestly family, though he was an Israelite, or even a Levite. The holy things are the peace offerings. (SeeLeviticus 7:30.)

Asojourner of the priest.--This, during the second Temple, was a Hebrew servant whose ear had been pierced, and who thus became his master's property till the year of jubile. (SeeExodus 21:6.)

Or an hired servant.--That is, a Hebrew servant who is hired for several years, and who goes out free after six years. (SeeExodus 21:2.) Neither of them was the property of the priest, though his labour and services belonged to him. As these Hebrew servants could not be bought with money like a heathen slave, they were treated like strangers, or non-Aaronites, and hence were not permitted to partake of the holy food.

Verses 10-13. - The previous paragraph having forbidden the priests to eat of the holy things while in a state of ceremonial uncleanness, naturally leads to the question, who has the right of eating them? The answer is, the priest's family. The members of the priest's family here specified are those only about whom any question might have arisen, namely, the slaves, who, as bring incorporated into the priest's household, have a right of eating of the priestly food not enjoyed by lodgers in his house or by servants hired with his money; and married daughters who have returned to their father's roof in consequence of the death of their husband, or of being divorced, without any children of their own. Under these circumstances, it is ruled that they become once more a part of the priest's family, and able to exercise the privileges of that position. The priest's wife and sons and unmarried daughters are not here mentioned, as no question arose about them.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
No
לֹא־(lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, no

one
וְכָל־(wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605:The whole, all, any, every

outside
זָ֖ר(zār)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 2114:To turn aside, to be a, foreigner, strange, profane, to commit adultery

a priest’s family is to eat
יֹ֣אכַל(yō·ḵal)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 398:To eat

the sacred offering,
קֹ֑דֶשׁ(qō·ḏeš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6944:A sacred place, thing, sanctity

nor may a foreigner
תּוֹשַׁ֥ב(tō·wō·šaḇ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8453:Resident alien

staying with a priest,
כֹּהֵ֛ן(kō·hên)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3548:Priest

or a hired hand,
וְשָׂכִ֖יר(wə·śā·ḵîr)
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7916:A man at wages

eat
יֹ֥אכַל(yō·ḵal)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 398:To eat

of [it].
קֹֽדֶשׁ׃(qō·ḏeš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6944:A sacred place, thing, sanctity


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OT Law: Leviticus 22:10 No stranger shall eat of the holy (Le Lv Lev.)
Leviticus 22:9
Leviticus 22:11
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