Strong's Lexicon
heós: until, till, as far as, up to
Original Word:ἕως
Part of Speech:Adverb
Transliteration:heós
Pronunciation:heh-os'
Phonetic Spelling:(heh'-oce)
Definition:until, till, as far as, up to
Meaning:(a) conj: until, (b) prep: as far as, up to, as much as, until.
Word Origin:A primary particle of time or place
Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - H5704 (עַד, 'ad): Often translated as "until" or "as far as," similar in usage to "ἕως" in marking time or spatial limits.
- H5703 (עַד, 'ad): Another Hebrew term for "forever" or "until," used in contexts of time duration.
Usage:The Greek word "ἕως" (heós) is primarily used as a conjunction or preposition to denote a point in time or space. It is often translated as "until" or "till" when referring to time, and "as far as" or "up to" when referring to space. In the New Testament, it frequently marks the end of a period or the extent of an action or event.
Cultural and Historical Background:In the context of the New Testament, "ἕως" is used to express temporal limits or boundaries, which was a common linguistic feature in Koine Greek. Understanding the cultural and historical context of timekeeping and spatial boundaries in the ancient world can provide deeper insight into the use of "ἕως." The concept of time was often linked to significant events, religious observances, and agricultural cycles, which influenced how periods were marked and understood.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origina prim. particle used as a preposition, adverb and conjunction
Definitiontill, until
NASB Translationdown (2), even (5), far (5), how (7), long (1), long* (7), no more (1), point (2), right (1), until (83), while (5).
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 2193: ἕωςἕως, a particle marking a limit, and
I. as a conjunction signifying
1. the temporal terminus ad quem,till, until (Latindonee,usquedum); as in the best writings a. with an preterite indicative, where something is spoken of which continued up to a certain time:Matthew 2:9 (ἕως ...ἔστη (ἐστάθηLTTrWH)); (1 Macc. 10:50; Wis. 10:14, etc.).b. withἄν and the aorist subjunctive (equivalent to the Latin future perfect), where it is left doubtful when that will take place till which it is said a thing will continue (cf.Winer's Grammar, § 42, 5):ἴσθιἐκεῖ,ἕωςἄνεἴπωσοι,Matthew 2:13; add,;Mark 6:10;Mark 12:36;Luke 17:8;Luke 20:43;Acts 2:55;Hebrews 1:13; after a negative sentence:Matthew 5:18, 26;Matthew 10:23 (TWH omitἄν);;Mark 9:1;Luke 9:27;Luke 21:32;1 Corinthians 4:5; with the aorist subjunctive without the addition ofἄν:Mark 6:45RG; (hereTr marginal reading future);Luke 15:4; (TTrWH;LTTrWH);2 Thessalonians 2:7;Hebrews 10:13;Revelation 6:11 (Rec.ἕωςοὗ);οὐκἀνἔζησανἕωςτελεσθῇτάχίλιαἔτη, did not live again till the thousand years had been finished (elapsi fuerint),Revelation 20:5Rec. Cf.Winers Grammar, § 41 b. 3.c. more rarely used with the present indicative where the aorist subjunctive might have been expected (Winers Grammar, as above;Buttmann, 231 (199)): so four timesἕωςἔρχομαι,Luke 19:13 (whereLTTrWHἐνᾧ forἕως, but cf. Bleek at the passage);John 21:22;1 Timothy 4:13;ἕωςἀπολύει,Mark 6:45LTTrWH, forRGἀπολύσῃ (the indicative being due to a blending of direct and indirect discourse; as inPlutarch,Lycurgus 29, 3δεῖνοὖνἐκείνουςἐμμένειντοῖςκαθεστωσινόμοις ...ἕωςἐπανεισιν).
d. once with the future indicative, according to an improbable reading inLuke 13:35:ἕωςἥξειTdf.,ἕωςἄνἥξει Lachmann, forRGἕωςἄνἥξῃ; (butWH (omittingἄνἥξῃὅτε) readἕωςεἴπητε;Tr omitsἄν and bracketsἥξῃὅτε; cf.Buttmann, 231f (199f)).
2. as in Greek writings fromHomer down,as long as, while, followed by the indicative in all tenses — in the N. T. only in the present:ἕωςἡμέραἐστιν,John 9:4 (Tr marginal readingWH marginal readingὡς);ἕως (LTTrWHὡς)τόφῶςἔχετε,John 12:35f (ἕωςἔτιφῶςἐστιν,Plato, Phaedo, p. 89 c.); (Mark 6:45 (cf.
c. above)).
II. By a usage chiefly later it gets the force of an adverb, Latinusquead; and
1. used of a temporal terminus ad quem,until (unto);
a. like a preposition, with a genitive of time (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6;Buttmann, 319 (274)):ἕωςαἰῶνος,Luke 1:55 Griesbach (Ezekiel 25:15Alex.;1 Chronicles 17:16; Sir. 16:26, Fritzsche;, etc.);τῆςἡμέρας,Matthew 26:29;Matthew 27:64:Luke 1:80;Acts 1:22 (Tdf.ἄχρι);Romans 11:8, etc.;ὥρας,Matthew 27:45;Mark 15:33;Luke 23:44;τῆςπεντηκοστῆς,1 Corinthians 16:8;τέλους,1 Corinthians 1:8;2 Corinthians 1:13;τῆςσήμερον namely,ἡμέρας,Matthew 27:8;τοῦνῦν,Matthew 24:21;Mark 13:19 (1 Macc. 2:33);χήραἕωςἐτῶνὀγδοήκοντατεσσάρων a widow (who had attained) even unto eighty-four years,Luke 2:37LTTrWH; before the names of illustrious men by which a period of time is marked:Matthew 1:17;Matthew 11:13;Luke 16:16 (whereTTrWHμέχρι);Acts 13:20; before the names of events:Matthew 1:17 (ἕωςμετοικεσίαςΒαβυλῶνος);;Luke 11:51;James 5:7;ἕωςτοῦἐλθεῖν,Acts 8:40 (Buttmann, 266 (228); cf.Winer's Grammar, § 44, 6; Judith 1:10 Judith 11:19, etc.).b. with the genitive of the neuter relative pronounοὗ orὅτου it gets the force of a conjunction,until, till (the time when);α.ἕωςοὗ (first inHerodotus 2, 143; but after that only in later authors, asPlutarch, et al. (Winers Grammar, 296 (278) note;Buttmann, 230f (199))): followed by the indicative,Matthew 1:25 (WH bracketsοὗ);;Luke 13:21;Acts 21:26 (seeButtmann); followed by the subjunctive aorist, equivalent to Latin future perfect,Matthew 14:22;Matthew 26:36 (whereWH bracketsοὗ and Lachmann hasἕωςοὗἄν);Luke 12:50 (Rec.;Luke 15:8TrWH);Luke 24:49;Acts 25:21;2 Peter 1:19; after a negative sentence,Matthew 17:9;Luke 12:59 (RGL;Luke 22:18TrWH);John 13:38;Acts 23:12, 14, 21.β.ἕωςὅτου,αα.until, till (the time when): followed by the indicative,John 9:18; followed by the subjunctive (withoutἄν),Luke 13:8;Luke 15:8 (RGLT); after a negation,Luke 22:16, 18 (RGLT).ββ.as long as, whilst (Song of Solomon 1:12), followed by the present indicative,Matthew 5:25 (seeἄχρι, 1 d. at the end).c. before adverbs of time (rarely so in the earlier and more elegant writings, asἕωςὀψέ,Thucydides 3, 108; (cf.Winers Grammar, § 54, 6 at the end;Buttmann, 320 (275))):ἕωςἄρτι, up to this time,until now (Vig. ed. Herm., p. 388),Matthew 11:12;John 2:10;John 5:17;John 16:24;1 John 2:9;1 Corinthians 4:13;1 Corinthians 8:7;1 Corinthians 15:6;ἕωςπότε;how long?Matthew 17:17;Mark 9:19;Luke 9:41;John 10:24;Revelation 6:10 (Psalm 12:2f (f);2 Samuel 2:26; 1 Macc. 6:22);ἕωςσήμερον,2 Corinthians 3:15.2. according to a usage dating fromAristotle down, employed of the localterminus ad quem,unto, as far as, even to;
a. like a preposition, with a genitive of place (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6;Buttmann, 319 (274)):ἕωςᾅδου,ἕωςτοῦοὐρανοῦ,Matthew 11:23;Luke 10:15; add,Matthew 24:31;Matthew 26:58;Mark 13:27;Luke 2:15;Luke 4:29;Acts 1:8;Acts 11:19, 22;Acts 17:15;Acts 23:23;2 Corinthians 12:2; with the genitive of person,to the place where one is:Luke 4:42;Acts 9:38 (ἕωςὑπερβορεων,Aelian v. h. 3, 18).
b. with adverbs of place (Winers Grammar, andButtmann, as in c. above):ἕωςἄνω,John 2:7;ἕωςἔσω,Mark 14:54;ἕωςκάτω,Matthew 27:51;Mark 15:38;ἕωςὧδε,Luke 23:5 (cf.Winers Grammar, § 66, 1 c.).
c. with prepositions:ἕωςἔξωτῆςπόλεως,Acts 21:5;ἕωςεἰς,Luke 24:50 (RGL marginal reading, butL textTTrWHἕωςπρόςas far as to (Polybius 3, 82, 6; 12, 17, 4;Genesis 38:1));Polybius 1:11, 14;Aelian v. h. 12, 22.
3. of the limit (terminus)of quantity; with an adverb of number:ἕωςἑπτάκις,Matthew 18:21; with numerals:Matthew 22:26 (ἕωςτῶνἑπτά); cf.Matthew 20:8;John 8:9 (Rec.);Acts 8:10;Hebrews 8:11;οὐκἐστινἕωςἑνός, there is not so much as one,Romans 3:12 fromPsalm 13:1 ().4. of the limit of measurement:ἕωςἡμίσους,Mark 6:23;Esther 5:3, 6Alex.
5. of the end or limit in acting and suffering:ἕωςτούτου,Luke 22:51 (seeἐάω, 2);ἕωςτοῦθερισμοῦ,Matthew 13:30LTrWH text;ἕωςθανάτου, even to death, so that I almost die,Mark 14:34;Matthew 26:38 (Sir. 4:28 Sir. 31:13 (Sir. 34:13);; 4 Macc. 14:19).STRONGS NT 2193a: ζ [ζ Zeta, on its substitution for sigmaς see Sigma.]
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
even, as far as, how long, until, while.Of uncertain affinity; a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place) -- even (until, unto), (as) far (as), how long, (un-)til(-l), (hither-, un-, up) to, while(-s).
Forms and Transliterations
εως εώς έως ἕως Εωσφόρον Εωσφόρος εωσφόρου ς eos eōs heos heōs héos héōsLinks
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