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The First Passover
1Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,2“Thismonthis the beginningof monthsfor you;it shall bethe firstmonthof youryear.3Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man must select a lamb for his family, one per household.…

Treasury of Scripture

This month shall be to you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.

A.

Exodus 13:4
This day came ye out in the month Abib.

Exodus 23:15
Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread: (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt: and none shall appear before me empty:)

Exodus 34:18
The feast of unleavened bread shalt thou keep. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee, in the time of the month Abib: for in the month Abib thou camest out from Egypt.

BeginningChiefFirstMonthMonthsBeginningChiefFirstMonthMonths1.The beginning of the year is changed
3.The Passover is instituted
11.The import of the rite of the Passover
15.Unleavened bread
29.The firstborn are slain
31.The Israelites are driven out of the land
37.They come to Succoth
41.The time of their sojourning
43.The ordinance of the Passover

This month is the beginning of months for you;
This phrase marks a significant shift in the Hebrew calendar, establishing a new beginning for the Israelites. The month referred to is Nisan (also known as Abib), which corresponds to March-April in the Gregorian calendar. This change signifies a new identity and a fresh start for the Israelites as they prepare to leave Egypt. Theologically, it represents God's intervention in history, setting apart His people with a distinct calendar that commemorates their deliverance. This month becomes the starting point for the religious year, emphasizing the importance of the Passover event. The concept of a new beginning is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are called to a new life in Christ (2 Corinthians 5:17).

it shall be the first month of your year.
By designating Nisan as the first month, God establishes a calendar that centers around His redemptive acts. This reordering of time underscores the significance of the Passover, which is to be celebrated annually as a perpetual reminder of God's deliverance. Historically, this calendar was used for religious purposes, while a separate civil calendar began in the fall with the month of Tishri. The dual calendar system reflects the dual nature of Israel's identity as both a religious and a national community. Theologically, this first month foreshadows the ultimate redemption through Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, whose sacrifice brings about a new covenant and a new creation (John 1:29,Revelation 21:5).

1.Moses and Aaron
The leaders of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt. They are the recipients of God's instructions regarding the Passover and the new calendar.

2.Egypt
The land where the Israelites were enslaved. It serves as the backdrop for the events of the Exodus, including the institution of the Passover.

3.The Passover
A pivotal event in Israelite history, marking their deliverance from slavery in Egypt. It is instituted in this chapter and becomes a foundational aspect of Jewish identity and worship.New Beginnings
Just as God established a new calendar for Israel, He offers us new beginnings in our spiritual lives. Reflect on how God is calling you to start anew in your walk with Him.

Divine Order
God's establishment of the calendar shows His sovereignty and order. Consider how you can align your life with God's timing and purposes.

Identity in God
The new calendar marked a shift in identity for the Israelites. As Christians, our identity is rooted in Christ. Reflect on how your identity in Christ shapes your daily life.

Remembrance and Celebration
The institution of the Passover was a call to remember and celebrate God's deliverance. How can you incorporate remembrance and celebration of God's work in your life?

Obedience to God's Commands
Moses and Aaron's obedience to God's instructions set a precedent for the Israelites. Consider areas in your life where God is calling you to greater obedience.Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 12

What are the Jewish feasts and festivals in the Bible?

What is the structure of the Jewish calendar?

What is the Feast of Trumpets?

Ezekiel 46:1–2 describes a gate that remains shut during the six working days but opens on the Sabbath; how could such consistent timing be maintained with ancient technology and calendars?(2)The beginning of months.--Hitherto the Hebrews had commenced the year with Tisri, at or near the autumnal equinox. (SeeExodus 23:16.) In thus doing, they followed neither the Egyptian nor the Babylonian custom. The Egyptians began the year in June, with the first rise of the Nile; the Babylonians in Nisannu, at the vernal equinox. It was this month which was now made, by God's command, the first month of the Hebrew year; but as yet it had not the name Nisan: it was called Abib (Exodus 13:4), the month of "greenness." Henceforth the Hebrews had two years, a civil and a sacred one (Joseph.,Ant. Jud., i. 3, ? 3). The civil year began with Tisri, in the autumn, at the close of the harvest; the sacred year began with Abib (called afterwards Nisan), six months earlier. It followed that the first civil was the seventh sacred month, andvice versa.

Verse 2 -This month shall be unto you the beginning of months. The Israelite year would seem to have hitherto commenced with the autumnal equinox (Exodus 23:16), or at any rate with the month Tisri (or Ethanim), which corresponded to our October. Henceforth two reckonings were employed, one for sacred, the other for civil purposes, the first month of each year, sacred or civil, being the seventh month of the other. Abib, "the month of ears" - our April, nearly - became now the first month of the ecclesiastical year, while Tisri became its seventh or sabbatical month. It is remarkable that neither the Egyptians nor the Babylonians agreed with the original Israelite practice, the Egyptians commencing their year with Thoth, or July; and the Babylonians and Assyrians theirs with Nisannu, or April.

Parallel Commentaries ...


“This
הַזֶּ֛ה(haz·zeh)
Article | Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088:This, that

month
הַחֹ֧דֶשׁ(ha·ḥō·ḏeš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2320:The new moon, a month

is the beginning
רֹ֣אשׁ(rōš)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7218:The head

of months for you;
חֳדָשִׁ֑ים(ḥo·ḏā·šîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2320:The new moon, a month

it [shall be]
הוּא֙(hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931:He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

the first
רִאשׁ֥וֹן(ri·šō·wn)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7223:First, in place, time, rank

month
לְחָדְשֵׁ֖י(lə·ḥā·ḏə·šê)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 2320:The new moon, a month

of your
לָכֶ֔ם(lā·ḵem)
Preposition | second person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew

year.
הַשָּׁנָֽה׃(haš·šā·nāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8141:A year


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OT Law: Exodus 12:2 This month shall be to you (Exo. Ex)