New International VersionThe woman had a fattened calf at the house, which she butchered at once. She took some flour, kneaded it and baked bread without yeast.
New Living TranslationThe woman had been fattening a calf, so she hurried out and killed it. She took some flour, kneaded it into dough and baked unleavened bread.
English Standard VersionNow the woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly killed it, and she took flour and kneaded it and baked unleavened bread of it,
Berean Standard BibleThe woman had a fattened calf at her house, and she quickly slaughtered it. She also took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread.
King James BibleAnd the woman had a fat calf in the house; and she hasted, and killed it, and took flour, and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof:
New King James VersionNow the woman had a fatted calf in the house, and she hastened to kill it. And she took flour and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread from it.
New American Standard BibleNow the woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly slaughtered it; then she took flour, kneaded it and baked unleavened bread from it.
NASB 1995The woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly slaughtered it; and she took flour, kneaded it and baked unleavened bread from it.
NASB 1977And the woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly slaughtered it; and she took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread from it.
Legacy Standard BibleAnd the woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly sacrificed it; and she took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread from it.
Amplified BibleThe woman had a fattened calf in the house; she quickly killed it, and took flour, kneaded it and baked unleavened bread.
Christian Standard BibleThe woman had a fattened calf at her house, and she quickly slaughtered it. She also took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread.
Holman Christian Standard BibleThe woman had a fattened calf at her house, and she quickly slaughtered it. She also took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread.
American Standard VersionAnd the woman had a fatted calf in the house; and she hasted, and killed it; and she took flour, and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof:
Contemporary English VersionAt once the woman killed a calf that she had been fattening up. She cooked part of the meat and baked some thin bread.
English Revised VersionAnd the woman had a fatted calf in the house; and she hasted, and killed it; and she took flour, and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof:
GOD'S WORD® TranslationThe woman immediately butchered a fattened calf that she owned. She took flour, kneaded it, and baked some unleavened bread.
Good News TranslationThe woman quickly killed a calf which she had been fattening. Then she took some flour, prepared it, and baked some bread without yeast.
International Standard VersionThe woman had a fattened calf in the house, and she quickly slaughtered it. She took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread.
NET BibleNow the woman had a well-fed calf at her home that she quickly slaughtered. Taking some flour, she kneaded bread and baked it without leaven.
New Heart English BibleThe woman had a fattened calf in the house. She hurried and killed it; and she took flour, and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread of it.
Webster's Bible TranslationAnd the woman had a fat calf in the house: and she hasted and killed it, and took flour, and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread of it. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleThe woman had a fattened calf at her house, and she quickly slaughtered it. She also took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread.
World English BibleThe woman had a fattened calf in the house. She hurried and killed it; and she took flour and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread of it. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd the woman has a calf of the stall in the house, and she hurries and slaughters it, and takes flour, and kneads, and bakes it [into] unleavened things,
Young's Literal Translation And the woman hath a calf of the stall in the house, and she hasteth and slaughtereth it, and taketh flour, and kneadeth, and baketh it unleavened things,
Smith's Literal TranslationAnd to the woman a calf of the stall in the house; she will haste and sacrifice it, and take flour and knead and bake it unleavened. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleNow the woman had a fatted calf in the house, and she made haste and killed it: and taking meal kneaded it, and baked some unleavened bread,
Catholic Public Domain VersionNow the woman had a fatted calf in the house, and she hurried and killed it. And taking meal, she kneaded it, and she baked unleavened bread.
New American BibleThe woman had a stall-fed calf in the house, which she now quickly slaughtered. Then taking flour, she kneaded it and baked unleavened bread.
New Revised Standard VersionNow the woman had a fatted calf in the house. She quickly slaughtered it, and she took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened cakes. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleNow the woman had a fatted calf in the house; and she made haste and killed it, and took flour and kneaded it and baked unleavened bread;
Peshitta Holy Bible TranslatedAnd the woman had a fattened calf in her house and she hurried to slaughter it, and she took flour and kneaded and baked unleavened bread OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And the woman had a fatted calf in the house; and she made haste, and killed it; and she took flour, and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof;
Brenton Septuagint TranslationAnd the woman had a fat heifer in the house; and she hasted and slew it; and she took meal and kneaded it, and baked unleavened cakes.
Additional Translations ... Audio Bible
Context Saul and the Medium of Endor… 23Saul refused, saying, “I will not eat.” But his servants joined the woman in urging him, and he heeded their voice. He got up from the ground and sat on the bed. 24The womanhad a fattenedcalfat her house,and she quicklyslaughtered it.She also tookflour,kneaded it,and bakedunleavened bread.25She served it to Saul and his servants, and they ate. And that night they got up and left.…
Cross References Genesis 18:6-8So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Prepare three seahs of fine flour, knead it, and bake some bread.” / Meanwhile, Abraham ran to the herd, selected a tender and choice calf, and gave it to a servant, who hurried to prepare it. / Then Abraham brought curds and milk and the calf that had been prepared, and he set them before the men and stood by them under the tree as they ate.
Judges 6:19So Gideon went in and prepared a young goat and unleavened bread and an ephah of flour. He placed the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot and brought them out to present to Him under the oak.
1 Kings 17:12-15But she replied, “As surely as the LORD your God lives, I have no bread—only a handful of flour in a jar and a little oil in a jug. Look, I am gathering a couple of sticks to take home and prepare a meal for myself and my son, so that we may eat it and die.” / “Do not be afraid,” Elijah said to her. “Go and do as you have said. But first make me a small cake of bread from what you have, and bring it out to me. Afterward, make some for yourself and your son, / for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘The jar of flour will not be exhausted and the jug of oil will not run dry until the day the LORD sends rain upon the face of the earth.’” ...
2 Kings 4:8-10One day Elisha went to Shunem, and a prominent woman who lived there persuaded him to have a meal. So whenever he would pass by, he would stop there to eat. / Then the woman said to her husband, “Behold, now I know that the one who often comes our way is a holy man of God. / Please let us make a small room upstairs and put in it a bed, a table, a chair, and a lamp for him. Then when he comes to us, he can stay there.”
2 Kings 4:38-41When Elisha returned to Gilgal, there was a famine in the land. As the sons of the prophets were sitting at his feet, he said to his attendant, “Put on the large pot and boil some stew for the sons of the prophets.” / One of them went out to the field to gather herbs, and he found a wild vine from which he gathered as many wild gourds as his garment could hold. Then he came back and cut them up into the pot of stew, though no one knew what they were. / And they poured it out for the men to eat, but when they tasted the stew they cried out, “There is death in the pot, O man of God!” And they could not eat it. ...
2 Kings 4:42-44Now a man from Baal-shalishah came to the man of God with a sack of twenty loaves of barley bread from the first ripe grain. “Give it to the people to eat,” said Elisha. / But his servant asked, “How am I to set twenty loaves before a hundred men?” “Give it to the people to eat,” said Elisha, “for this is what the LORD says: ‘They will eat and have some left over.’” / So he set it before them, and they ate and had some left over, according to the word of the LORD.
1 Samuel 9:24So the cook picked up the leg and what was attached to it and set it before Saul. Then Samuel said, “Here is what was kept back. It was set apart for you. Eat, for it has been kept for you for this occasion, from the time I said, ‘I have invited the people.’” So Saul dined with Samuel that day.
1 Samuel 25:18Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded them on donkeys
1 Samuel 30:11-12Now his men found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David. They gave the man water to drink and food to eat— / a piece of a fig cake and two clusters of raisins. So he ate and was revived, for he had not had any food or water for three days and three nights.
2 Samuel 17:27-29When David came to Mahanaim, he was met by Shobi son of Nahash from Rabbah of the Ammonites, Machir son of Ammiel from Lo-debar, and Barzillai the Gileadite from Rogelim. / They brought beds, basins, and earthen vessels, as well as wheat, barley, flour, roasted grain, beans, lentils, / honey, curds, sheep, and cheese from the herd for David and his people to eat. For they said, “The people have become hungry, exhausted, and thirsty in the wilderness.”
1 Kings 19:5-8Then he lay down under the broom tree and fell asleep. Suddenly an angel touched him and said, “Get up and eat.” / And he looked around, and there by his head was a cake of bread baked over hot coals, and a jar of water. So he ate and drank and lay down again. / A second time the angel of the LORD returned and touched him, saying, “Get up and eat, or the journey will be too much for you.” ...
Matthew 14:17-21“We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish,” they answered. / “Bring them here to Me,” Jesus said. / And He directed the crowds to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, He spoke a blessing. Then He broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. ...
Matthew 15:34-38“How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked. “Seven,” they replied, “and a few small fish.” / And He instructed the crowd to sit down on the ground. / Taking the seven loaves and the fish, He gave thanks and broke them. Then He gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. ...
Mark 6:38-44“Go and see how many loaves you have,” He told them. And after checking, they said, “Five—and two fish.” / Then Jesus directed them to have the people sit in groups on the green grass. / So they sat down in groups of hundreds and fifties. ...
Mark 8:5-9“How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked. “Seven,” they replied. / And He instructed the crowd to sit down on the ground. Then He took the seven loaves, gave thanks and broke them, and gave them to His disciples to set before the people. And they distributed them to the crowd. / They also had a few small fish, and Jesus blessed them and ordered that these be set before them as well. ...
Treasury of Scripture And the woman had a fat calf in the house; and she hurried, and killed it, and took flour, and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof: a fat calf Genesis 18:7,8 And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetcht a calf tender and good, and gaveit unto a young man; and he hasted to dress it… Luke 15:23 And bring hither the fatted calf, and killit; and let us eat, and be merry: Jump to Previous BakeBakedBakethBreadButcheredCalfCowDeathHasteHastedHastethHouseHurriedKilledKneadedKneadethMealMixedOnceQuicklySlaughteredSlaughterethStallStraightThereofUnleavenedYeastYoungJump to Next BakeBakedBakethBreadButcheredCalfCowDeathHasteHastedHastethHouseHurriedKilledKneadedKneadethMealMixedOnceQuicklySlaughteredSlaughterethStallStraightThereofUnleavenedYeastYoung1 Samuel 28 1.Achish puts confidence in David3.Saul having destroyed the witches4.and now in his fear forsaken of God7.has recourse to a witch8.who, encouraged by Saul, raises up Samuel15.Saul hearing his ruin, faints21.The woman and his servants refresh him with meatThe woman had a fattened calf at her houseIn ancient Israel, owning a fattened calf was a sign of wealth and readiness to host guests or celebrate special occasions. The presence of a fattened calf indicates the woman was prepared for hospitality, a valued cultural practice. This setting is significant as it contrasts with the dire situation Saul finds himself in, seeking guidance from a medium. The calf symbolizes abundance and provision, which Saul lacks spiritually. and she quickly slaughtered it The act of quickly slaughtering the calf demonstrates urgency and respect for Saul, despite the circumstances. In biblical times, slaughtering an animal was a labor-intensive process, indicating the woman's willingness to serve. This action reflects the cultural importance of hospitality and the seriousness of Saul's visit. It also highlights the contrast between the woman's physical provision and Saul's spiritual desperation. She also took flour, kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread Unleavened bread was a staple in ancient Israel, often associated with haste and necessity, as seen in the Passover narrative (Exodus 12:39). The use of unleavened bread here may symbolize the urgency of the situation and the simplicity of the meal, reflecting the somber context of Saul's visit to the medium. This act of preparing bread connects to the broader biblical theme of bread as sustenance and provision, seen in the manna provided in the wilderness (Exodus 16) and later in the New Testament as a type of Christ, the Bread of Life (John 6:35). Persons / Places / Events 1. The Woman (Medium of Endor)A medium living in Endor who Saul visits to summon the spirit of Samuel. She is known for her ability to communicate with the dead, which was against the law in Israel. 2. SaulThe first king of Israel, who, in desperation, seeks guidance from the medium after God has stopped answering him through prophets or dreams. 3. EndorA town in the territory of Issachar, where the medium resides. It becomes the setting for Saul's encounter with the supernatural. 4. The Fattened CalfRepresents hospitality and urgency. The woman uses it to prepare a meal for Saul, indicating the seriousness of the situation. 5. Unleavened BreadSymbolizes haste and simplicity, often associated with purity and the Passover, reflecting the urgency and solemnity of the moment. Teaching Points The Consequences of DisobedienceSaul's visit to the medium is a direct violation of God's law, illustrating the severe consequences of disobedience and the spiritual decline that follows when we turn away from God. Desperation Without GodSaul's actions show the desperation that comes when we seek guidance outside of God's will. It serves as a warning to rely on God rather than turning to forbidden practices. Hospitality and UrgencyThe woman's preparation of the meal reflects the urgency of the situation. In our lives, we should be prepared to act swiftly in obedience to God's call, rather than in disobedience. Symbolism of Unleavened BreadThe unleavened bread signifies purity and readiness. As Christians, we are called to live lives of purity and be ready to act according to God's will. Lists and Questions Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 28
How does 1 Chronicles 27's census reconcile with other conflicting census figures in the Bible (e.g., 2 Samuel 24)?
How could David lawfully eat the consecrated bread reserved for priests (1 Samuel 21:4-6)?
Is there any archaeological or historical evidence confirming the existence of mediums in ancient Israel to support the story of 1 Samuel 28:7-9?
If Saul previously admitted David's righteousness in 1 Samuel 24, why is he chasing David again in 1 Samuel 26?(24) Unleavened bread.--There was no time to be lost; so she did not wait to leaven the dough, but at once baked it, and set it before the king.
Parallel Commentaries ...
Hebrew The womanוְלָאִשָּׁ֤ה(wə·lā·’iš·šāh)Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular Strong's 802:Woman, wife, femalehad a fattenedמַרְבֵּק֙(mar·bêq)Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4770:A stallcalfעֵֽגֶל־(‘ê·ḡel-)Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 5695:A, calf, one nearly grownat her house,בַּבַּ֔יִת(bab·ba·yiṯ)Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 1004:A houseand she quicklyוַתְּמַהֵ֖ר(wat·tə·ma·hêr)Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular Strong's 4116:To be liquid, flow easily, to hurry, promptlyslaughtered it.וַתִּזְבָּחֵ֑הוּ(wat·tiz·bā·ḥê·hū)Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular | third person masculine singular Strong's 2076:To slaughter for sacrificeShe also tookוַתִּקַּח־(wat·tiq·qaḥ-)Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular Strong's 3947:To takeflour,קֶ֣מַח(qe·maḥ)Noun - masculine singular Strong's 7058:Flour, mealkneaded it,וַתָּ֔לָשׁ(wat·tā·lāš)Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular Strong's 3888:To kneadand bakedוַתֹּפֵ֖הוּ(wat·tō·p̄ê·hū)Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular | third person masculine singular Strong's 644:To cook, to bakeunleavened bread.מַצּֽוֹת׃(maṣ·ṣō·wṯ)Noun - feminine plural Strong's 4682:Sweetness, sweet, an unfermented cake, loaf, the festival of Passover
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OT History: 1 Samuel 28:24 The woman had a fattened calf (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) |