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はてなキーワード:power mとは
それ、いわゆる
「構造的ジェンダー労働暴力（structural gendered laborviolence）」
ってやつだね。
「ジェンダード・ラボリズム（gendered laborism）」として知られている。
見た目には中立的な制度が、実際には女性に不均衡な自己犠牲を強いているという考え方だ。
また、執拗な叱責や感情の軽視といった管理職からの働きかけも、
「ジェンダー化された権力型マイクロアグレッション（genderedpower microaggressions）」という観点から論じられている。
その背景には「空気を読むこと」を期待されがちな女性への無意識のバイアスがある。
女性の社会参加が進んでる昨今、こうした労働環境に起因する問題も「女性の生きづらさ」として捉え直そう、みたいな動きはあるよ。
すごくくだらない話なのだけど、個人的には人生で体験した唯一のオカルト現象なのでどこかに書きたかった。
2010年ごろ、当時付き合っていた彼女と電話をしながら、ソニーのホームページを見ていた。URLを送って一緒に同じページを見る形で。
当時彼女がパソコンを買おうとしていて、その関係でのことだったんだけど、さて狙っている機種のページに行こうか、などと考えていたとき、突然彼女が、本当に何の脈絡もなく、
「外付けGPU」
と呟いた。ちなみに彼女はパソコンに詳しい方ではなく、外付けGPUはおろかGPUという単語すらしらないような子だった。
え？ と思って、聞き返すと、そんなこと言ってない。外付けGPUって何？ と逆に聞き返されてしまう。ページのどこを探してもそんな単語はなかった。
翌2011年、ソニーから外付けGPUが発表された。(VAIO Type ZPower Media Dock)
試しに今ググってみたが、2011年の7月に発売される以前に、外付けGPUが出るという発表がされていたわけではないようなので、やはり謎。
ひょっとしたらオンボードでない「外部GPU」を言い間違えたか聞き間違えたかかもしれないとも思うが、発言時の状況や本人のキャラとか、言った自覚がなかったらしいということもあるので、オカルトだなと思っている。
気合で覚えろとか、WordPower Made Easy（語源小辞典的な奴）全部やればOKとか言う前に、ある単語帳を仕上げる際に（多少）効率的な単語の覚え方を書き残そうと思う。
きっかけは、友人が語呂合わせで覚える難解単語（http://www.d7.dion.ne.jp/~aoki2/goro.htm）というサイトで単語覚えようとしていて衝撃を受けたため。
友人よ、これを読んでくれ。
1.Google.co.jpで「（単語） 語源」で検索する。
例えば、「abate 語源」で検索する。ごろ合わせでは、「阿部、糸」使用を「減らす」。が覚え方らしいが、さすがにこれを覚える方が難しいはず。
この方法で検索すると、二番目のサイト（http://homepage3.nifty.com/miyak/sat.html）が、
「語源abateの語根のbateはbeatと同根で「打つ」という意味。太鼓など の音がだんだん小さく消えていく様子を表わしている。接頭辞のa－ はtoという意味。」
と紹介している。打ち減らしていく感じをイメージすることが出来れば、abate＝減らすは忘れることがないと思う。また、a=toを覚えておけば、abase＝下げるもすぐに想像つく。
2.Google.co.jpで「（単語） 覚え方」で検索する。
例えば、「sinister 覚え方」で検索する。これで検索すると、一番目のサイト（http://www.eiken-thhouse.com/?p=1774）が、
「sinister アングロ－フレンチ語（中世にイギリスで使われたフランス語）では「左」という意味で使われる。ラテン語では「左」「左側」。左は不運、不吉であると考えられた。」
と紹介している。これだけじゃまだ覚えにくいかもしれないけど、
「医学用語でOculus Sinister （左眼）という言葉があることからもわかります。
右眼はOculusDexter と言います。コンタクトレンズを購入する際、処方箋にOD:-3.50,OS:-3.25などとあれば、ODが右眼、OSが左眼を意味しています」
ここまでくれば、sinister＝不吉な、に親しみがわくのではないだろうか。
3.Google.comあるいはGoogle.co.ukで「（単語）」で検索する。
例えば、「lambaste」で検索する。Google.comでそこそこ以上難しい単語を検索すると、素晴らしいことに、検索結果のすぐ下に、
音声、英英の意味、語源、時代ごとの使用頻度が全てのった単語紹介リストが表示される。lambasteはcriticize harshlyで、語源はlamもbasteもbeatのイメージ。
lambasteは新聞、雑誌でよく目にする単語だが、時代ごとの使用頻度をみると、ここ20年くらいで爆発的に流行った単語だということも分かる。
4.Google.comあるいはGoogle.co.ukで「（単語） etymology」で検索する。
1,3の方法だと語源が分かりにくい時がある。例えば、上のlambasteは1でも3でも、basteの方もbeatのイメージがあると明言していない（見たまんまだからと思うけど）
なので、もうちょっと深く検索してやる必要がある。wiktionaryとか、Online Etymology Dictionaryをみれば、これで語源は抑えられる。
ん、4の方法だけで十分だって？じゃ、WordPower Made Easyまずやれや。個人的には、多少母語絡むやり方で覚えた方が覚えやすいと思うのですが、英英のみ主義でしたら3,4の方法で。
もしかしたら、はまる単語もあるかも。tout, rout, boutの区別について、ごろ合わせやっているサイトがあって、http://ameblo.jp/mihuwa/entry-11459396205.html
確かにこのやり方も悪くはない。
ま、覚え方は人それぞれなのですが、気合で1週間で1000語覚えることはできても、すぐ忘れちゃうものなのです。
出来るだけ長期的に覚えてられるよう引っ掛かりを多くしておいた方が後々効率的なので、単語覚える際は出来るだけググりましょう。
紹介したのは英検1級レベルですが、これより楽だと映画のタイトルとかになっていてもっと覚えやすかったり、
難しいともうあきらめてWordPower Made Easyに行きます笑。あるいはSmartの変な例文で把握するとか。
トラックバックつけてくださった方へ
別人です。後、結果的に別の方のサイトへの誘導（自意識過剰ですが笑）になっているのでエントリ削除していただいた方が目的にかなうのでは？と提案します。
1, about the trickle charge, rapid charging and stablebattery charging algorithm
According to the energy requirements of thefinalapplication, abatterymay contain up to 4lithiumion orlithium polymerbatterycore,its configuration will have a variety ofchange,at the sametime with amainstreampoweradapter: directadapter,USBinterface orcar charger. Remove thecore quantity,core configuration orpoweradapter type difference, thebatteryhas the same charge characteristics. So they charge algorithm.Lithiumion and li-ion polymerbattery best charging algorithm can divided into three phases: trickle charge, rapid charging and stable charge.
Advancedbattery charger withadditional security function normally. For example, if thecore temperature exceeds the given window, usually 0 ℃-45 ℃, charge will be suspended.
Remove some verylow-end equipment, nowon themarket/li-ion polymerlithiumionbattery solutions are integrated with theouter components or, inaccordance with the characteristics of the charging to charge, this is not just toget better effect charge, but also for safety.
LTC4097 can be used to exchangeadapter orUSBpower supply for single quarter/polymerlithiumionbattery. Figure 1 fordouble input 1.2 Alithiumbattery charger LTC4097schemes.It USES constant current/constant voltage algorithm charging, from exchangeadapterpower charge, programmable filling up to 1.2 electric current A, and withUSBpower can beas highas 1 A,at the sametime,automatic detection in each input voltage whether there. This device also provideUSB the current limit.Applications includePDA,MP3players,digital camera,lightportable medical andtest equipment andbigcolor cellular phone. The performance characteristics: no external micro controller charging termination; The inputpowerautomatic detection and choice; Through the resistance fromthe exchange of chargingadapter input can beas highas 1.2 A programming charge current; The resistance of programmableUSB charging current is up to 1 A;100% or20%USB charging currentset; The inputpower output and existing bias NTC (VNTC)pinas a120mA drive ability; NTC thermistors input (NTC)pin for temperature qualified charged; Pre-settingsbattery voltage with floating plus or minus 0.6%accuracy; Thermal regulationmaximize chargerate and free hotair LTC4097 can be used to exchangeadapter orUSBpower supply for single quarter/polymerlithiumionbattery. The use of constant current/constant voltage algorithm charging, from exchangeadapterpower charge, programmable filling up to 1.2 electric current A, and withUSBpower can beas highas 1 A,at the sametime,automatic detection in each input voltage whether there. This device also provideUSB the current limit.Applications includePDA,MP3players,digital camera,lightportable medical andtest equipment andbigcolor cellular phone.
2,lithiumion/polymerbatteryscheme
Lithiumion/polymerbattery chargescheme for differentnumber ofcore,core configuration, andpower types are different.At presentmainly have threemain chargingscheme:linear, Buck (step-down)switch and SEPIC (booster and step-down)switch.
When the input voltage inbig with the charger with sufficient clearance ofcore afteropening voltage,it islinearscheme, especially 1.0 C fast charging current than 1 Abig too much. For example,MP3players usuallyonlyonecore, capacity from 700 to 1500mAh differ, full charge voltage isopen 4.2 V.MP3 playerpower is usually theAC/DCadapter orUSBinterface, the output is the rule of 5 V;At this time, thelinearscheme isthe most simple, most charger of the efficiency of thescheme. Figure 2 shows forlithiumion/polymerbattery solutionlinearscheme,basicstructure andlinear voltageneat device.
MAX8677A isdouble inputUSB/ACadapterlinear charger, built-inSmartPower Selector, used for rechargeable single quarterby Li + batteriesportable devices. The charger integration of thebattery andthe externalpower source and loadswitch chargingall thepowerswitch, so that no externalMOSFET.MAX8677A ideal used inportable devices, suchassmartphones,PDA,portable mediaplayers,GPS navigation equipment,digital camera, anddigital cameras.
MAX8677A can work in independentUSB and thepower inputACadapter ortwo input eitherone of the input. Whenconnecting externalpower supply, intelligentpower source selectorallows the system notconnectbattery or can and depth dischargebatteryconnection. Intelligentpower source selector willautomaticallyswitch to thebattery system load, use the system did not use the inputpower supply parts forbattery,make full use of limitedUSBand adapterpower supply input.All theneeded electric current detection circuit, including the integration of thepowerswitch,all integration in the piece.DC input current highest limit can be adjusted to 2 A andDC andUSB inputall can support100mA, 500mA, andUSB hung mode. Charge current can be adjusted toas highas 1.5 A, thus support wide range ofbattery capacitive. Other features includeMAX8677A thermal regulation,over-voltage protection, charging status and fault output,power supply good surveillance,battery thermistors surveillance, and chargingtimer.MAX8677A using save a space, hot enhanced, 4mm x 4mm,24 of thepins TQFN encapsulation, regulations, work in exceptional temperature range (40 ~ + 85 ℃).
2.2 Buck (step-down)switchscheme
When A 1.0 C of the charging currentmore than 1 A, or the input voltage of thecore than withhigh voltageopenmany, Buck or step-down plan is A better choice. For example, basedon the hard drive in thePMP, often use singlecorelithiumionbattery, the full ofopen is 4.2 V voltage, capacity from1200 to2400mAh range. And nowPMP is usually use thecar kit to charge,its output voltage in a 9 V to 16 between V. In the input voltage andbattery voltage is the voltage difference between high (minimum 4.8 V) willmakelinearschemelowers efficiency. This kind oflow efficiency, plusmore than 1.2 A 1 C fast charging electric current, have seriousheat dissipation problems. To avoid this kind of situation, will the Buckscheme. Figure 3 forlithiumion/polymerbattery chargerscheme Buck diagram,basicstructure with Buck (step-down)switching voltage regulators completely the same.
2.3 SEPIC (booster and step-down)switchscheme
In some use of three or fourlithiumion/polymercore series equipments, charger of the input voltage is notalways greater than thebattery voltage. For example, laptop computers use 3corelithiumionbattery, full charge voltage isopen12.6 V (4.2 Vx3), capacity is 1800mAh to 3600mAh from.Power supply input or output voltage is 1 6 VAC/DCadapter, or iscar kit, the output voltage in a 9 V to 16 between V. Apparently, thelinear and Buck solutions are not for thisgroup of batteries. This is about to use SEPICscheme,it can in the output voltage is higher than when thebattery voltage, can be in the output voltage less than when thebattery.
3, andpower detection algorithm is proposed
Manyportable products use voltage measurements to estimate the remainingbatterypower, but thebattery voltage and surpluspower relationship but will with the dischargerate, temperature andbattery aging degree ofchange,make this kind of method cantop 50%margin of error. Themarket for longer to use product demand unceasingly strengthens, so the system design personnelneedmoreaccurate solution. Use capacity check plan come to measurebattery or consumption of electricity, will be in a wide range ofapplicationpower to providemoreaccurate estimate of thebatterypower.
3.1power detection algorithm isone ofthe examples ofapplication, function complete list,double thebatteryportablebatteryapplication design
Thebattery circuit description. Figure 4 (a) can be used for identification ofIC functions with typicalapplication circuit batteries.According to the use ofICtesting program is different, thebatteryneeds to haveat least three to four outside the terminal.
VCC and BATpins will even to thebattery voltage, so that for, Cpower and thebattery voltage measurement. Thebattery isconnected a grounding resistance smaller detection resistors, let capacity check meter high impedance SRP and SRN input can monitor sensor resistanceon bothends of the voltage. Throughtesting the currentflows through a resistor can be used to judge thebattery or release the amount of electricity. Designers choose detection resistance value must be considered when resistanceon bothends of the voltage can'tmore than100mV,low resistancemay bemore hours in current errors. Circuit board layout must ensure that SRP and SRN totesting fromas closeas possible to theconnection of the resistor sensor resistance end; In other words, they should be the Kelvinattachment.
HDQpinneed external and resistors, this resistance should be located the host or themainapplication, such capacity check plan to thebattery andportable devices when sleep functionenableconnection broken. Advice and resistance choose10 k Ω.
Once thebattery through the appraisal, bq26150 will issuecommands to ensure that the host and quantitytest plan ofmaterial lines between normal communication. When thebatteryconnection interruption or toconnect,the whole the identification process will be repeatedagain.
Host to be able to read capacity check plan of variable voltage measurementbattery, tomake sure the end of discharging threshold and charging terminate threshold.As for the remainingstatepower (RemainingStateofCapacity), do notneed to read can use directly.
The above bq2650x and bq27x00etc capacity check plan provides thebatterymanufacturer a simple to use options, thisscheme L [just measuringbattery voltage to be precise, so these capacity check plan can be applied to variousbatteryframework, and can support thebattery identification anddouble thebatteryapplication '
3.2power detection algorithm is an example ofapplicationsanother, can apply toall kinds of general voltmeter newIC.
Today'smanymanufacturers can provide a variety of voltmeterIC,, theuser can choose the suitable function device, to optimize the product price. Use voltmeter measurement of storagebattery parameters, the separate architectureallowsusers in the host custompower measurement algorithm within. Eliminating embedded processorbattery cost.On this to Dallase semicconductor company called cases of DS2762chip for typical analysis. A new separate voltmeterIC,itsstructure see chart 5 (a) below.
DS2762 is a single quarter oflithiumbattery voltmeter and protection circuit, integrated into a tiny 2.46mm x 2.74mm inversion of packaging. Due to internal integration forpower detection of high precise resistance, this device is very save a space.It is the small size and incomparable highlevel of integration, for mobile phonebattery and other similar handheld products, suchasPDA,etc, areall very ideal. Integrated protection circuit continuously monitoring thebattery voltage,over voltage andflow fault (charging or discharge period). Different from the independent protectionIC, DS2762allowmain processor surveillance/control protection FET conductionstate, such, can DS2762 through the protection of thepower system and the control circuit implementation. DS2762 can also charge abattery consumptionhas depth, when thebattery voltage within three V, provide a limit of the charging current recovery path.
DS2762accurate monitoringbattery current, voltage and temperature, the dynamic range andresolution ofcommon satisfy any mobile communication producttesting standards. The measurement of current for internally generated when the integral,realize thepower measurement. Through the real-time, continuousautomatic disorders correct, the precision ofpower measurement can be increased. The built-in measuring resistance due to eliminatemanufacturing process and temperature and cause resistancechange, further improve the precision of the voltmeter. Important data stored in 32bytes, canadd the lock EEPROM; 16bytes ofSRAM are used to keep dynamic data. And DS2762all communicationall through the 1-Wire,more communicationinterface node, minimize thebattery and theconnection to the host.Itsmain features for; Single quarter oflithiumbattery protector; High precision current (power measurement), voltage and temperature measurement; Optional integrated 25 m Ω measuring resistance, each DS2762 after fine-tuning alone; 0 Vbattery restore charge; 32bytes can lock EEPROM, 16bytesSRAM, 64 aROM;
1-Wire, node,digital communicationinterface; Supportmorebatterypower management, and through the protection system control FETpower; Dormancy modepower supply currentonly 2 µ A (most); Work modepower supply current for 90 µ A (most); 2.46mm x 2.74mm inversion of packaging or 16 feet SSOP packageled, and both are can choose with or without detection resistance; Afterhas with e
等位 Coordinating Conjunctions
相関 Correlative Conjunctions
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（語学学習サイト個人的リンクメモ / Lists ofLanguage Learning Links）
http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20090101193230
