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「aims」を含む日記RSS

はてなキーワード:aimsとは

2025-01-16

[今日の英作文] TheHatenaAnonymous Diary: A Critical Examination ofIts Flaws

TheHatenaAnonymous Diary, while undeniably a distinctive fixture within thetapestry ofJapaneseinternet culture,has garnered substantial criticism forits content and the implications ofits operationalframework. This discourseaims to elucidatethe reasons underpinningits characterizationas "problematic."

TheParadox of Anonymity

At the crux of theHatenaAnonymous Diary'sappeal liesits hallmark feature: anonymity. Thisveil of secrecy ostensibly facilitates unrestrained discourse, allowing individuals to articulate their thoughts withoutfear of retribution. However, this very anonymity engenders aparadoxical effect;it cultivates an environment ripe for irresponsible commentary and vitriolic defamation. The absence of accountability diminishes thesense of responsibility that typically accompanies publicexpression, resulting in a proliferation of emotionally charged diatribes and baselessassertions. Such dynamics render the establishment of constructive dialogue increasingly elusive, thereby stifling meaningfulengagement.

Superficiality of Content

Moreover, the content disseminated through theHatenaAnonymous Diary frequently exhibits a disconcerting superficiality. Many entries lack substantive depth, failing to provide rigorous analysis or innovative perspectives. Instead, they often succumb to the allure of trending topics or sensationalism, prioritizing ephemeral relevanceover intellectual rigor. This trend notonly undermines the potential for serious discourse but also contributes to a culture where shallowengagement withcomplexissues prevails. In an era markedby information saturation, this deficiency in content qualityis particularly egregious,asit detracts from the cultivation of critical thinking and informed debate.

Cultural Homogeneity and Social Responsibility

Additionally, the cultural ramifications of this platform warrant scrutiny.By amplifying certain dominant narratives or viewpoints, there exists a palpable risk of erodingdiversity within public discourse. The emergence of "groupthink" within specific communities canlead to the marginalization of dissenting voices, creating anecho chamber that stifles pluralism. In such an insular environment, diverse perspectives are systematically excluded, resulting in a homogenized narrative that fails to reflect thecomplexities of societal discourse. This phenomenon notonly undermines individualexpression but also poses significant risks to theoverall health of democratic dialogue.

Conclusion: A Call forReflection

In conclusion, while theHatenaAnonymous Diary ostensibly champions freeexpression throughitsanonymousframework,it simultaneously fosters a milieu characterizedby irresponsibility and superficiality. The cultural influence wieldedby this platform raises critical concerns regardingitsimpactondiversity and social responsibility. Thus, characterizingitas "problematic"is not merely an exaggeration;itis an imperativerecognition ofits shortcomings. Moving forward,itis essential to scrutinize how this platform might evolveand address these inherent flaws in order to foster amore enriching and responsible discourse.

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 04:40

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2024-09-17

The Best Flight APIs for Small Travel Businesses

Intoday’s fast-paced travel industry, small businessesneed tostay nimble andconnected.One way to do thisisby tapping into flightAPIs. These powerful tools can elevateyour travel booking system, makingit easier to offer competitive flight options. So, what’sthe the best flightAPI foryour small travel business?Let’s explore some of thetop choicesout there.

Understanding FlightAPIs: What Are They?

At theircore, flightAPIsallowaccess to flight data. Think of themas abridge connectingusers to various airlines and travel service providers.By integrating theseAPIs, small businesses can fetch flight schedules, availability, and prices, helping travelers find the deals theyneed,all in one place.

SkyscannerAPI: ATreasure Trove of Options

SkyscannerAPI standsoutas afavorite.It'slike havingyour own travelassistantatyour fingertips. ThisAPI provides comprehensive dataon flights, accommodations, andcar rentals across multiple airlines. Withitsuser-friendlystructure,you can seamlessly integrateit intoyourwebsite. Plus,it’sexcellent for small businesses looking to offer a wide range of options without getting bogged downbycomplex systems.

AmadeusAPI: PoweringYour Travel Solutions

Amadeusisn't just agiant in the travel world;it’s a goldmine for small businesses too. ThisAPI provides robust functionalities,allowingyou toaccess information about flight availability, fare rules, and evencheck-in details. Imaginebeing able to offeryour customers personalized travel experiences,allthanks to the wealth of data Amadeus supplies.

Kiwi.comAPI: The FlexibilityYouNeed

Kiwi.comAPI givesyou the flexibility to combine different airlines and find uniqueroutes.It’slike having amagic wand that creates unconventionalitineraries!You can cater to budget travelerswholove to explore offbeat paths. In a world where travelers crave personalized experiences, thisAPI offers just that.

TravelportAPI: A Well-Rounded Option

Ifyou’re looking for a well-rounded travelAPI, Travelportdoes not disappoint.It offersaccess to a multitude of airlines and provides detailed pricingand availability. Using Travelport,you can manage bookings and even handle customer service queries seamlessly.It’slike having aone-stop shop forallyour travelAPIneeds.

SabreAPI: The IndustryLeader

SabreAPIisanother heavyweight champion in the travel industry. With a vastnetwork and established reputation,it provides detailed flight information and booking capabilities. Ifyour small businessaims to grow into a trustedname, partnering with Sabre can helpyoureach a broader audience.

What to Consider When Choosing anAPI

Choosing the rightAPI can be overwhelming, butit boils down to a few essential factors:

• Cost:Is there a fee to use theAPI?Always weigh the costs againstyour potential revenue.

• Documentation: How easyisit to integrate? Well-documentedAPIs are easier and lesstime-consuming to implement.

• Support: Ifyourun intoissues, how responsiveis their support team? Quality customer support can saveyou a lot of headaches.

Conclusion

For small travel businesses, flightAPIs aremore than just tools; they’re keys to unlocking wider opportunities. EachAPIhasits unique perks, soit’scrucial to find theone that alignswith your business goals.With the right flightAPI,you can simplify booking processes, enhancecustomer satisfaction, and ultimatelyboostyourbottom line. Embrace the innovation, and letyour travel business soar!

Source & Publishedby:https://www.namantechnolab.com/

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 18:47

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2024-09-05

The Best Flight APIs for Small Travel Businesses

Intoday’s fast-paced travel industry, small businessesneed tostay nimble andconnected.One way to do thisisby tapping into flightAPIs. These powerful tools can elevateyour travel booking system, makingit easier to offer competitive flight options. So, what’sthe the best flightAPI foryour small travel business?Let’s explore some of thetop choicesout there.

Understanding FlightAPIs: What Are They?

At theircore, flightAPIsallowaccess to flight data. Think of themas abridge connectingusers to various airlines and travel service providers.By integrating theseAPIs, small businesses can fetch flight schedules, availability, and prices, helping travelers find the deals theyneed,all in one place.

SkyscannerAPI: ATreasure Trove of Options

SkyscannerAPI standsoutas afavorite.It'slike havingyour own travelassistantatyour fingertips. ThisAPI provides comprehensive dataon flights, accommodations, andcar rentals across multiple airlines. Withitsuser-friendlystructure,you can seamlessly integrateit intoyourwebsite. Plus,it’sexcellent for small businesses looking to offer a wide range of options without getting bogged downbycomplex systems.

AmadeusAPI: PoweringYour Travel Solutions

Amadeusisn't just agiant in the travel world;it’s a goldmine for small businesses too. ThisAPI provides robust functionalities,allowingyou toaccess information about flight availability, fare rules, and evencheck-in details. Imaginebeing able to offeryour customers personalized travel experiences,allthanks to the wealth of data Amadeus supplies.

Kiwi.comAPI: The FlexibilityYouNeed

Kiwi.comAPI givesyou the flexibility to combine different airlines and find uniqueroutes.It’slike having amagic wand that creates unconventionalitineraries!You can cater to budget travelerswholove to explore offbeat paths. In a world where travelers crave personalized experiences, thisAPI offers just that.

TravelportAPI: A Well-Rounded Option

Ifyou’re looking for a well-rounded travelAPI, Travelportdoes not disappoint.It offersaccess to a multitude of airlines and provides detailed pricingand availability. Using Travelport,you can manage bookings and even handle customer service queries seamlessly.It’slike having aone-stop shop forallyour travelAPIneeds.

SabreAPI: The IndustryLeader

SabreAPIisanother heavyweight champion in the travel industry. With a vastnetwork and established reputation,it provides detailed flight information and booking capabilities. Ifyour small businessaims to grow into a trustedname, partnering with Sabre can helpyoureach a broader audience.

What to Consider When Choosing anAPI

Choosing the rightAPI can be overwhelming, butit boils down to a few essential factors:

• Cost:Is there a fee to use theAPI?Always weigh the costs againstyour potential revenue.

• Documentation: How easyisit to integrate? Well-documentedAPIs are easier and lesstime-consuming to implement.

• Support: Ifyourun intoissues, how responsiveis their support team? Quality customer support can saveyou a lot of headaches.

Conclusion

For small travel businesses, flightAPIs aremore than just tools; they’re keys to unlocking wider opportunities. EachAPIhasits unique perks, soit’scrucial to find theone that alignswith your business goals.With the right flightAPI,you can simplify booking processes, enhancecustomer satisfaction, and ultimatelyboostyourbottom line. Embrace the innovation, and letyour travel business soar!

Source & Publishedby:https://www.namantechnolab.com/

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 20:57

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2022-08-19

China's secondhome-grownmega cruiseship begins construction

CGTN

@CGTNOfficial

Chinastate-affiliated media

CGTNis aninternational mediaorganization.Itaims to provide global audiences with accurate andtimelynews coverageas wellas rich audiovisual services.

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 14:37

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2020-02-27

Privacy Policy: Follow Checker

We("developer") provides this app tousers("you").

While providing our services, we recognize the importance ofyour privacy and carryout ouractivities inlinewith the applicable data protection regulation including theEUGeneral Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and other relatedlaws.

This Privacy Policyaims to specify how we collect, use and discloseyour personal data to provideyouwith the bestlevel of our service.

Personal Data We Collect

We collect and processyour personal data suchas:

identity information includingyourInstagramusername,Instagram fullname,userID,gender,

contact information includingyour phonenumber ande-mailaddress,

onlineidentifiers includingIdentifier for Vendors (IDFV),Identifier for Advertisers (IDFA) andIPaddress,

visual information includingyourphoto,

customer transaction information includingyour purchasehistory, payment details, subscriptionID, transactionID, subscription start and enddate,receipt of subscription,version of Follower Check +,

behavioural information includingyour usage activity, language preference, how muchtimeyou have spent andyourlastactivetime in the Follower Check +,

marketing information includingyourpush notification device token, information about the campaign (advertisement,Instagram phenomenonetc.)you come from, the adsyou see in Follower Check +.

Collection Method ofYour Personal Data

We collectyour personal data in anumber of ways, including:

directly fromyouviae-mail,telephone,mobileapplication,SMS, printed form and/or other electronic devices.

from publicly available sources of information,

from our own records of howyou use Follower Check + services.

Use ofYour Personal Data

We collect, hold, use and discloseyour personal data for the purposes including to:

provideyou with a better andmore personalizedlevel of service,

reviewyour requests, suggestions and complaints regarding our service,

fulfil contractual obligations toyouand anyone involved in the process,


monitor metrics suchastotalnumber of visitors, traffic and demographic patterns,

showyou ads that aremore tailored toyour interests.

identify and resolve errors, problems or bugs in our products and services,

meet legal and regulatory requirements includingcompliance with applicable law, respond to requests from public and government authorities, including authoritiesoutsideyour country of residence and to meetnational security or law enforcement requirements.

We collect and processyour personal dataon the following bases under theGDPR:

to comply with our contractual obligation (for example, providingyou with our service),

to comply with our legal obligations,

because of our company’s legitimate interests which include the provision of ourmobileapplication and/or relevant services, providedalways that our legitimate interests are notoutweighedbyany prejudice or harmyour rights and freedoms,

to establish, exercise or defend our legal claims before the courts, arbitrations,authorized data protection authorities or similar legal proceedings,

becauseyou have explicitly given usyour consent to processyour personal data in that manner.

Wewillonly provideyou with marketing related information afteryou have, where legally required to do so, opted in to receive those communications and having provided the opportunity foryou to optoutatanytime.

Disclosure ofYour Personal Data

We discloseyour personal data

with our employees, other Follower Check +users, company executives, representatives, suppliers, service providers, business partners and solution partners for the purposes specified in Section 3,

with government and regulatory authorities and otherorganizations to meet legal and regulatory requirements, or to protect or defend our rights or property in accordance with applicablelaws.

For thecompliancewith theGDPR, we ensure that our suppliers and business or solution partners whether they are locatedoutside the EEA or not,takes appropriate technical andorganizational security measures in accordance with applicable data protectionlaws and useit solely for the purposes specifiedby us.

Your Rights

Ifyou are from theEuropean EconomicArea or in certain countries,you are also entitled (with some exceptions and restrictions) to:

Access:You have the right to request information about how we processyour personal data and to obtain a copy of that personal data.

Rectification:You have the right to request the rectification of inaccurate personal data aboutyou and forany incomplete personal information aboutyou to be completed.

Objection:You have the right toobject to theprocessing ofyour personal information, whichis basedon our legitimate interests (as described above).

Deletion:You candeleteyour accountby using the correspondingfunctionality directlyon the service.

Automated decision-making:You have the right toobject a decisionmade aboutyou thatis based solelyonautomatedprocessing if that decision produces legal or similarly significant effects concerningyou.

Restriction:You have the right toask us to restrict ourprocessing ofyour personal data, so that we no longer process that personal data until the restrictionis lifted.

Portability:You have the right to receiveyour personal data, whichyou have provided to us, in a structured, commonly used andmachine-readable format and to have that personal data transmitted toanotherorganization in certain circumstances.

Complaint:You have a right tolodge a complaintwith theauthorized data protectionauthority ifyou have concerns about how we processyour personal data. The data protectionauthorityyou canlodge a complaint with notablymay be that ofyour habitual residence, whereyou work or where we are established.

Youmay,atanytime, exerciseany of the above rights,by contacting usvia info@followcheckx.comtogether with a proof ofyouridentity,i.e. a copy ofyourID card, orpassport, orany other valididentifying document.

In some cases, wemay not be able to giveyouaccess toyour personal data that we hold, if making such a disclosure wouldbreach our legal obligations to our other customers or if preventedbyany applicable law or regulation.

Right to withdraw consent

Ifyou have providedyour consent to the collection,processing and transfer ofyour personal data,you have the right to fully or partly withdrawyour consent. To withdrawyour consent please follow the opt-out linksonany marketingmessage sent toyou or contact usvia info@followcheckx.com.

Once we have received notification thatyou have withdrawnyour consent, wewill no longer processyour information for the purpose(s) to whichyou originally consented unless there are compelling legitimate grounds for furtherprocessing which overrideyour interests, rights and freedoms or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Collection of Children’s Personal Data

Weattach great importance of protecting children’s privacy. Therefore, wemake an effort to not collect personal data ofany children under theage of 13. Ifyou haveany concerns aboutyour child’s privacy withrespect to our services, or ifyoubelieve thatyour childmay have providedhis/her personal data to us, please contact us using the details provided below. We ensure todelete such personal data from our records immediately.

Security ofYour Personal Data

Wetake appropriate and reasonable technical andorganizational measures to protectyour personal data from loss, misuse, unauthorizedaccess, disclosure, alteration, and destruction, taking into account the risks involved in theprocessing and thenature of the personal data.

Retention ofYour Personal Data

Wewillonly retainyour personal data foras longas necessary to fulfil our collection purposes, including for the purposes of satisfyingany legal, accounting, or reporting requirements, and where required for our company to provide services, until the end of the relevant retention period.

To determine the appropriate retention period for personal data, we consider the amount,nature, and sensitivity of the personal data, the potential risk of harm from unauthorized use or disclosure ofyour personal data, the purposes for which we processyour personal data and whether we can achieve those purposes through other means, and the applicable legal requirements. Upon expiry of the applicable retention period, wewill securelydelete, destroy or anonymizeyour personal data in accordance with applicablelaws and regulations.

Links to Third Party Sites

Ourmobileapplication includes links to otherwebsites or apps whose privacy practicesmay differ from those of our companies. Ifyou submit personal information toany of those sites,your informationis governedby their Privacy Policies. We encourageyou to carefully read the Privacy Policy ofanywebsite or appyou visit.

Changes to our Privacy Policy

We reserve the right to update andchange this Policy fromtime totime in order to reflectanychanges to the way in which we processyour personal data or changing legal requirements.Anychanges wemaymake to our Policy inthe futurewill be postedon this page and, where appropriate, notified toyoubye-mail orpush notification. Please check back frequently to seeany updates orchanges to our Policy.

Contact us

Ifyou haveany questions or concerns about our privacy practices or wouldlike to exerciseany of the rights mentioned in this Privacy Policy, please contact usvia info@followcheckx.com.Youmay also contact usbypostalat ouraddress stated above.

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 20:09

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

Privacy Policy: Follow Checker

We("developer") provides this app tousers("you").

While providing our services, we recognize the importance ofyour privacy and carryout ouractivities inlinewith the applicable data protection regulation including theEUGeneral Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and other relatedlaws.

This Privacy Policyaims to specify how we collect, use and discloseyour personal data to provideyouwith the bestlevel of our service.

Personal Data We Collect

We collect and processyour personal data suchas:

identity information includingyourInstagramusername,Instagram fullname,userID,gender,

contact information includingyour phonenumber ande-mailaddress,

onlineidentifiers includingIdentifier for Vendors (IDFV),Identifier for Advertisers (IDFA) andIPaddress,

visual information includingyourphoto,

customer transaction information includingyour purchasehistory, payment details, subscriptionID, transactionID, subscription start and enddate,receipt of subscription,version of Follower Check +,

behavioural information includingyour usage activity, language preference, how muchtimeyou have spent andyourlastactivetime in the Follower Check +,

marketing information includingyourpush notification device token, information about the campaign (advertisement,Instagram phenomenonetc.)you come from, the adsyou see in Follower Check +.

Collection Method ofYour Personal Data

We collectyour personal data in anumber of ways, including:

directly fromyouviae-mail,telephone,mobileapplication,SMS, printed form and/or other electronic devices.

from publicly available sources of information,

from our own records of howyou use Follower Check + services.

Use ofYour Personal Data

We collect, hold, use and discloseyour personal data for the purposes including to:

provideyou with a better andmore personalizedlevel of service,

reviewyour requests, suggestions and complaints regarding our service,

fulfil contractual obligations toyouand anyone involved in the process,


monitor metrics suchastotalnumber of visitors, traffic and demographic patterns,

showyou ads that aremore tailored toyour interests.

identify and resolve errors, problems or bugs in our products and services,

meet legal and regulatory requirements includingcompliance with applicable law, respond to requests from public and government authorities, including authoritiesoutsideyour country of residence and to meetnational security or law enforcement requirements.

We collect and processyour personal dataon the following bases under theGDPR:

to comply with our contractual obligation (for example, providingyou with our service),

to comply with our legal obligations,

because of our company’s legitimate interests which include the provision of ourmobileapplication and/or relevant services, providedalways that our legitimate interests are notoutweighedbyany prejudice or harmyour rights and freedoms,

to establish, exercise or defend our legal claims before the courts, arbitrations,authorized data protection authorities or similar legal proceedings,

becauseyou have explicitly given usyour consent to processyour personal data in that manner.

Wewillonly provideyou with marketing related information afteryou have, where legally required to do so, opted in to receive those communications and having provided the opportunity foryou to optoutatanytime.

Disclosure ofYour Personal Data

We discloseyour personal data

with our employees, other Follower Check +users, company executives, representatives, suppliers, service providers, business partners and solution partners for the purposes specified in Section 3,

with government and regulatory authorities and otherorganizations to meet legal and regulatory requirements, or to protect or defend our rights or property in accordance with applicablelaws.

For thecompliancewith theGDPR, we ensure that our suppliers and business or solution partners whether they are locatedoutside the EEA or not,takes appropriate technical andorganizational security measures in accordance with applicable data protectionlaws and useit solely for the purposes specifiedby us.

Your Rights

Ifyou are from theEuropean EconomicArea or in certain countries,you are also entitled (with some exceptions and restrictions) to:

Access:You have the right to request information about how we processyour personal data and to obtain a copy of that personal data.

Rectification:You have the right to request the rectification of inaccurate personal data aboutyou and forany incomplete personal information aboutyou to be completed.

Objection:You have the right toobject to theprocessing ofyour personal information, whichis basedon our legitimate interests (as described above).

Deletion:You candeleteyour accountby using the correspondingfunctionality directlyon the service.

Automated decision-making:You have the right toobject a decisionmade aboutyou thatis based solelyonautomatedprocessing if that decision produces legal or similarly significant effects concerningyou.

Restriction:You have the right toask us to restrict ourprocessing ofyour personal data, so that we no longer process that personal data until the restrictionis lifted.

Portability:You have the right to receiveyour personal data, whichyou have provided to us, in a structured, commonly used andmachine-readable format and to have that personal data transmitted toanotherorganization in certain circumstances.

Complaint:You have a right tolodge a complaintwith theauthorized data protectionauthority ifyou have concerns about how we processyour personal data. The data protectionauthorityyou canlodge a complaint with notablymay be that ofyour habitual residence, whereyou work or where we are established.

Youmay,atanytime, exerciseany of the above rights,by contacting usvia info@followcheckx.comtogether with a proof ofyouridentity,i.e. a copy ofyourID card, orpassport, orany other valididentifying document.

In some cases, wemay not be able to giveyouaccess toyour personal data that we hold, if making such a disclosure wouldbreach our legal obligations to our other customers or if preventedbyany applicable law or regulation.

Right to withdraw consent

Ifyou have providedyour consent to the collection,processing and transfer ofyour personal data,you have the right to fully or partly withdrawyour consent. To withdrawyour consent please follow the opt-out linksonany marketingmessage sent toyou or contact usvia info@followcheckx.com.

Once we have received notification thatyou have withdrawnyour consent, wewill no longer processyour information for the purpose(s) to whichyou originally consented unless there are compelling legitimate grounds for furtherprocessing which overrideyour interests, rights and freedoms or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Collection of Children’s Personal Data

Weattach great importance of protecting children’s privacy. Therefore, wemake an effort to not collect personal data ofany children under theage of 13. Ifyou haveany concerns aboutyour child’s privacy withrespect to our services, or ifyoubelieve thatyour childmay have providedhis/her personal data to us, please contact us using the details provided below. We ensure todelete such personal data from our records immediately.

Security ofYour Personal Data

Wetake appropriate and reasonable technical andorganizational measures to protectyour personal data from loss, misuse, unauthorizedaccess, disclosure, alteration, and destruction, taking into account the risks involved in theprocessing and thenature of the personal data.

Retention ofYour Personal Data

Wewillonly retainyour personal data foras longas necessary to fulfil our collection purposes, including for the purposes of satisfyingany legal, accounting, or reporting requirements, and where required for our company to provide services, until the end of the relevant retention period.

To determine the appropriate retention period for personal data, we consider the amount,nature, and sensitivity of the personal data, the potential risk of harm from unauthorized use or disclosure ofyour personal data, the purposes for which we processyour personal data and whether we can achieve those purposes through other means, and the applicable legal requirements. Upon expiry of the applicable retention period, wewill securelydelete, destroy or anonymizeyour personal data in accordance with applicablelaws and regulations.

Links to Third Party Sites

Ourmobileapplication includes links to otherwebsites or apps whose privacy practicesmay differ from those of our companies. Ifyou submit personal information toany of those sites,your informationis governedby their Privacy Policies. We encourageyou to carefully read the Privacy Policy ofanywebsite or appyou visit.

Changes to our Privacy Policy

We reserve the right to update andchange this Policy fromtime totime in order to reflectanychanges to the way in which we processyour personal data or changing legal requirements.Anychanges wemaymake to our Policy inthe futurewill be postedon this page and, where appropriate, notified toyoubye-mail orpush notification. Please check back frequently to seeany updates orchanges to our Policy.

Contact us

Ifyou haveany questions or concerns about our privacy practices or wouldlike to exerciseany of the rights mentioned in this Privacy Policy, please contact usvia info@followcheckx.com.Youmay also contact usbypostalat ouraddress stated above.

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 20:09

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2019-06-22

れい新選組立憲民主党 どちらが正しいか (自民党とどちらが正しいか追記しました)

参議院議員選挙が近づき、れい新選組山本太郎議員がした減税のためなら安倍内閣とも組むとの発言が支持者の間で炎上する一方、立憲民主党経済政策を発表するなど、経済ニュースになった1週間でした。山本太郎議員は「2%を目指して物価を上げる」を公約にし、立憲民主党は「上げるべきは物価ではない、賃金だ」を公約にしています。どちらが正しいのでしょうか?

おまんじゅうが10,000個の経済があったします。1コ100円ならGDPは1,000,000円です。

これが翌年90円に値下がりしたとします。数量が同じであればGDPは900,000円です。物価全体が下がることを「デフレ」といいます

名目成長率」はマイナス10%ですが、これは物価10%下落したからで、それを差し引いて考えた「実質成長率」は0%で、名目成長率<実質成長率となりました。

ところでおまんじゅうの値段が下がれば、同じお金おまんじゅうが余分に買えるようになったのだから、とてもよいことのように思います。でも、来年物価が下がるとしたら、企業は人を雇うでしょうか。お金を金庫にしまっておけば同じお金でも来年価値があがって余分に物が買えるようになるのだから、人なんて雇いませんよね。借金して投資するなんてトンデモない。返済の負担が重くなるのですから投資が落ち込み、雇われる人が少なくなります。雇われる人が少なく、お給料の総額が減れば物を買う人が少なくなり、次の年はさらに消費も落ち込みますさらに物の値段が下がるのだからますますお金は使われなくなります。こうして物価の下落と経済の縮小がらせん階段を下っていくように進むありさまを「デフレスパイラル」といいます企業の「内部留保」が増えているのはデフレからです。

民主党政権時代物価はほぼ全期間下がり続け、名目成長率は常に実質成長率を下回っていました。だから民主党政権時代は、現金を持っている人、安定した職がある人は「物が安くなった」と幸せでも、不安定な職しかつけなかった人、これから職に就こうとする人にとっては最悪で-デフレになれば売上も下がります仕入れも下がります。ただ同じように下がらないものがあります。それは「借金」と「賃金」です。借金物価が下がっても減りませんし、正社員賃金には下方硬直性があります。それゆえデフレ化で企業にとって借金と並んで一番負担に感じられるのは賃金です。だからデフレになると新卒採用不安定就労層の雇用が一番打撃を受けるのです。-安月給で長時間労働を強いるブラック企業が全盛でした。

物価が上がればどうでしょうか?お金を持ったままだと来年価値が減ってしまますから、人を雇ってより儲けなければなりません。だから企業はより人を雇うようになります

デフレ放置した民主党政権下で雇用ヘロヘロだったのも、2014年に成長率の名実逆転を解消し(17年ぶり)、2017年需給ギャップを解消した(9年ぶり)安倍政権下で雇用が劇的に改善したのも、経済学的にはまったく理に適っています(なお、先日朝日新聞に"年収200万円未満が75% 非正規リアル政治は"という記事がありましたが、この記事アベノミクスによっても雇用に成果がでていないというのであれば明確に誤りです。また雇用環境改善したのは少子高齢化や団世代の大量退職のせいだという人がいますが、それも誤りです。この記事はその点を説明するためのものではないので、詳しくは論じませんが、失業率の分母は生産年齢人口ではなくて労働力人口で、労働力人口民主党政権化では増えておらず、安倍政権下では増え続けているとだけ指摘しておきます。)。

党首討論で、枝野議員は、「経済数字の最終成績はどこなのかと言ったら、やはり実質経済成長率2010年から12年の実質経済成長率は1.8%。2013年から18年は1.1%。これが客観的経済トータルの総合成績であることは、自信をもって申し上げたい。」と発言し、安倍首相に「実質成長の自慢をなされたが、名実逆転をしている実質成長の伸びは、デフレ自慢にしかならない。」と諭されていましたが、まさにそのとおりです。立憲民主党物価を上げずに賃金をあげて雇用も増やすとしていますが、それは卵を割らずにオムレツを作りますといってるのと同じです。

では、上がった方がいいとして、毎年10%も20%も上がるのがよろしくないのは当然として、なぜ2%なのでしょうか?

理由は3つです。まず、それが経済成長にとって最適というのが現時点のコンセンサスからであり、為替レートの安定のためであり、デフレに陥らないためです。

世界各国の中央銀行インフレ目標は2%です。

FRBは「年2%」が物価の安定と雇用の最大化という2つのマンデートを達成するには最適としています

"TheFOMC noted initsstatement that the Committee judges that inflationat therate of 2percent (as measuredby the annualchange in the priceindex forpersonal consumption expenditures, or PCE)ismost consistentover the longerrunwith the Federal Reserve's statutory mandate."

https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/money_12848.htm

ECB欧州中央銀行)は中期的に「2%を超えない、但しそこに近いところ」を目指しています

"The primary objective of theECB’s monetary policyis to maintain price stability. TheECBaimsat inflationrates of below, but close to, 2%over themedium term."

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/mopo/html/index.en.html

イングランド銀行イギリス中央銀行)もすべての人の将来の計画を立てるのに資するとして「2%」をターゲットにしています

"To keep inflationlow and stable, the Government sets us an inflation target of 2%. This helps everyone plan forthe future."

https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation

オーストラリア準備銀行オーストラリア中央銀行)も「2~3%」のインフレ率を目指しています

"The Governor and the Treasurer have agreed that the appropriate target for monetary policy inAustraliais to achieve an inflationrate of 2–3per cent,on average,over time. Thisis arate of inflation sufficientlylow thatitdoes not materially distort economic decisions in the community. "

https://www.rba.gov.au/inflation/inflation-target.html

世界の中銀が2%にしているのはそれが経済成長と物価の安定のためには最適というのがコンセンサスからですが(1つめ)、そのなかで日本けがそれより低い目標を掲げるということは、ちょっと物価が上がると他国に先駆けて引き締めますと事前にアナウンスしているのと同じことになりますから、事あるごとに円高が進んでしまます(2つめ)。

3つめの理由は、いったんデフレに落ち込むとなかなか抜け出せないからです。日本経営者アベノミクスデフレが解消しても内部留保を取り崩すことには慎重なままです。経営者マクロ経済学理解しているわけではないので、この20年間合理的だった経営=金をできるだけ使わない=が行動原理として染みついてしまっています。そして高齢化が進行し、低成長が常態になって、常にデフレ圧力がかかっている環境で、インフレ目標をたとえば1%などに設定して、低い物価上昇率をもって金融緩和を止めてしまうと、すぐにデフレに陥ってしまうのです。その失敗を日本2000年と2006年に経験済みで、最近だと昨年末ECBが同じミスを犯しました。

麻生財務大臣から財界幹部朝日新聞まで、ことあるごとに「2%なんて無理なんだからさっさとその目標放棄せよ」と提言していますが、彼らより山本議員の方が正確に経済理解しています

物価が上がった方がいいというのは、私たち生活で感じる直感とは異なります。私も物の値段は下がった方がうれしいです。但し、直感にしたがった行動が、悪い結果をもたらすことはしばしばあります法学経済学、社会学、それを知ることに学問価値があるのだと思います

追記

dc42jk現在経済状況から金融緩和財政拡張政策の両方が必要だと思う。その両方を掲げているのはれいしかない。自民金融政策に触れてないし立民は金融引締めを示唆している。

まさに。賃金の上昇はどうしても物価の上昇に遅れますし、デフレ脳に染まった経営者を変えるのは簡単ではないので、デフレ脱却の過程ではどうしても、特に安定した雇用を得ていた層の実質賃金が低下します(新たに職を得た人が増えたので、総雇用所得は増えてはいますが)。それを補うために積極的財政支出が求められるのですが、1年目を除き高齢化に伴う社会保障費増以外の財政支出の拡大を渋ったのが安部政権の最大の問題点です。現在国債新規発行のたびに0.1%程度しかクーポンがつかないのにその4倍も5倍も札が入り(落札利回りはマイナス)、政府債務調達はただ同然、これはデフレ現象のものである民間部門の過剰貯蓄、特に企業ISバランスのI<S化と表裏一体です。ご指摘のとおり金融緩和とあわせて財政拡張をしない手はないのに、その両方を掲げているのは国債を財源に、奨学金をチャラにして、最低賃金1500円を政府補償し、公務員を増やし、公共事業積極的に行いますとしているれい新撰組だけです。

(ご参考)

日本財政政策選択肢オリヴィエブランシャール・田代毅(2019年5月

https://piie.com/system/files/documents/pb19-7japanese.pdf

「景気の回復が感じられないのはなぜかー長期停滞論争」ローレンス・サマーズ、ベン・バーナンキポール・クルーグマン、アルヴィン・ハンセン山形浩生翻訳)(2019年4月

https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E6%99%AF%E6%B0%97%E3%81%AE%E5%9B%9E%E5%BE%A9%E3%81%8C%E6%84%9F%E3%81%98%E3%82%89%E3%82%8C%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%AE%E3%81%AF%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9C%E3%81%8B%E3%83%BC%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E5%81%9C%E6%BB%9E%E8%AB%96%E4%BA%89-%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA/dp/4790717313

"Macroeconomics"(12th Edition) " Robert J Gordon2013年

https://www.amazon.com/Macroeconomics-12th-Pearson-Economics-Hardcover/dp/0138014914

(未翻訳ですがアメリカ代表的マクロ経済学教科書です。IS-LM分析の箇所で日本に対する処方箋が取り上げられています。"combined monetary-fiscal policy expansion""TheIS and LMcurvesshift rightwardtogether"れいわの政策はそれに合致しています。)

追記2)

左派リベラルはほんとうに山本太郎に乗ってほしい。今まで何か提言する度に、財源はどうするんだ、そんなことして景気はだいじょうぶなのかと突っ込まれ、やれ法人税増税だ、富裕層増税だ、行政改革埋蔵金だと、見当外れなことを言うだけで(法人税は支払うのは企業ですが負担するのは庶民です。富裕層増税格差縮小の意味はあっても財源にはなりません。埋蔵金なんて結局みつからなかったし、公務員減らせば貧しくなるだけです)、結局有効提案を何ひとつできませんでした。何を言っても信用されないのはそのせいです。

そこに、自民党と異なる価値観を唱えながら、景気はむしろ良くします、財源はありますという政治家が現れました。しかブランシャールやサマーズ、ゴードンのような権威ある学者提案と軌を一にしている。これに乗らない手はないでしょ?

追記3)

立憲民主党は「アベノミクスによって事実上財政ファイナンス化した弛緩した金融政策について、市場と丁寧に対話しつつ、正常化を図っていく。」要するに、日銀による長期国債の買い入れ=量的緩和財政ファイナンスであり、やめますとしています。そのうえで消費税増税凍結を訴えています国債発行も減らして消費税増税分の2兆円もあきらめる、足りない分は金融所得法人税課税するというのだから、その二つの税金は大幅にアップするということになります金融所得に対する課税強化はリスクプレミアムを高めるので、日銀による買入れ縮小と同じく金融引き締め効果があります。すべての経済学の教科書に書いてあるとおり、法人税を支払うのは企業ですが、負担するのは庶民です。

彼らの政策を実現したらどうなるか。FRBが利下げを示唆し、ECB量的緩和への復帰を口にしているなか、日本だけ量的緩和をやめますリスクプレミアムを高めます金融は大幅に引き締めますというのだから円高が急速に進みます物価上昇率は下落し、またデフレに戻るでしょう。企業業績は悪化し、円高特に製造業が打撃を受け、そこに増税が追い打ちをかける。雇用シュリンクし、製造業海外移転拍車をかける特に地方高学歴でない層の雇用やこれから就職する人たちの雇用環境が大幅に悪くなります民主党政権のころの方が実質成長率が高かったから良かったと今でも主張する人たちなので当然なのかも知れませんが、彼らは要するに民主党政権当時に戻します、と言っています。同じく消費税増税に反対していても、デフレが最大の問題だとするれい新選組(「新撰組」じゃなくて「新選組」でした。ややこしいのは良くないと思いますが…)とは方向性がまったく違います

Permalink |記事への反応(24) | 20:45

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2018-08-19

In 2001 Kofi Annan received the Nobel Prize in conjunctionwith theUnited Nations.

Thefocus ofhisspeechwas global inequality.


"Ladies and gentlemen,

Today inAfghanistan agirlwill be born.

Hermotherwill holdher, feedher andcomforther and care forher justasanymother wouldanywhere else inthe world.

In thosemostbasic acts ofhumannature,humanity knows no divisions.

But to be born agirl inAfghanistantoday,is tobeginlife centuriesaway from the prosperity thatone small part ofhumanityhas achieved.

Even thoughthermother would doall inherpower, to protecther and sustainher.

Thereis aone in four risk that thegirlwill notlive to seeher fifthbirthday.

Whethershedoesis justone of thetests of ourcommonhumanity of our belief in our individual responsibility for our fellow men and women.

Butitis theonlytest that matters.

Remember thisgirl then our largeaims tofight poverty, preventconflict orcure diseasewillnothing distant or impossible.

Indeed thoseaims would seem very near and very achievableas they should.

Because beneath thesurface of stats and nations, ideas and language liesthe fate of individualhuman beings inneed.

Answering theirneedswill be themission ofthe United Nations in thecentury to come.

Thankyou very much."

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 13:32

このエントリーをはてなブックマークに追加ツイートシェア

2017-08-03

日産子供が車内に放置され熱中症になる件、の対策できた」

少し前に「子供が車内に放置され熱中症になる件に自動車メーカー対策しろ」てな内容の増田ホテントリした。

この増田提言を受け(ウソ)、日産子供の車内放置対策する仕組みを開発した。

その仕組みは増田提案したような人感センサーもしくは赤外線センサー通報システムを追加する複雑なものではなく、

後席ドアの開閉を感知し、車に乗り込んだ際に後席ドアを開閉したが降りる時に後席ドアを開閉しないと

まずはメーター内に警告表示し、ドライバーがそれに反応せず車を降りると軽くホーンを鳴らして知らせる、というもの

これなら「この程度なら車の価格に影響なんてほとんどない」だろう。

詳しくは↓の記事動画に。

NissanAims To PreventHeat-Related Deaths With New Rear Door Alert System

http://www.carscoops.com/2017/08/nissan-aims-to-prevent-heat-related.html

Nissan Rear Door Alert

https://youtu.be/RuHevTPpa5A

また増田が世の中を良い方向に導いちゃったな!!!

Permalink |記事への反応(8) | 13:20

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2009-01-21

毎朝読対訳:就任演説(7)

http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20090121144441

 Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions.

(M)先人がミサイル戦車を使うのみならず、信念と確固たる同盟をもってファシズム共産主義に勇敢に立ち向かったことを思い出そう。

(A)先人たちがファシズム共産主義を屈服させたのは、ミサイル戦車によってだけではなく、頼もしい同盟国と強固な信念によってでもあることを思い起こしてほしい。

(Y)前の世代は、ファシズム共産主義と、ミサイル戦車だけではなく、強固な同盟と強い信念を持って対峙(たいじ)したことを思い出してほしい。

 They understood that ourpower alone cannot protect us, nordoes it entitle us to doas we please.

(M)先人は軍事力だけが我々を守るのではないことや、またそれを好き勝手に使えないことを知っていた。

(A)彼らは自らの力だけが自分たちを守ったのではないことも、その力が、自分たちが好きなように振る舞う資格を与えたのでもないことを理解していた。

(Y)彼らは、我々の力だけでは我々を守れず、好きに振る舞う資格を得たのではないことも理解していた。

 Instead, they knew that ourpower grows throughits prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.

(M)代わりに、彼らは慎重にそれを使うことで力が増し、安全は目的の正しさや、他国の手本となる振る舞い、謙虚さや自制心から発することを知っていた。

(A)その代わりに先人たちは、自らの力は慎重に使うことで増大し、自らの安全は、大義の正しさ、模範を示す力、謙虚さと自制心から生まれると知っていた。

(Y)代わりに、慎重に使うことで力が増すことを理解していた。我々の安全は、大義の正当性や模範を示す力、謙虚さ、自制心からいずるものだ。

 We are the keepers of thislegacy.

(M)我々はこの遺産を引き継ぐ。

(A)私たちはその遺産の継承者だ。

(Y)我々は、この遺産の番人だ。

 Guided by these principles once more, wecan meet those new threats that demand even greater effort - even greater cooperation and understanding between nations.

(M)これらの原理に再び導かれ、解決により一層の努力が求められる新しい脅威に対抗できる。

(A)いま一度こうした原理に導かれることにより、私たちはより厳しい努力、つまり、より強固な国際的協力と理解を必要とする新たな脅威にも立ち向かうことができる。

(Y)こうした原則にもう一度導かれることで、我々は、一層の努力や、国家間の一層の協力や理解が求められる新たな脅威に立ち向かうことができる。

 We willbegin to responsibly leave Iraq toits people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan.

(M)我々は責任を持ってイラクから撤退し始め、イラク人に国を任せる。そしてアフガンでの平和を取り戻す。

(A)私たちは、責任ある形でイラクをその国民の手に委ねる過程を開始し、アフガニスタン平和構築を始める。

(Y)我々は、責任ある形で、イラクイラク国民に委ね、苦労しながらもアフガニスタン平和を築き始めるだろう。

 With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warmingplanet.

(M)古くからの友人とかつての敵と共に、核の脅威を減らすために絶えず努力し、さらに地球温暖化とも戦う。

(A)また古くからの友好国とかつての敵対国とともに、核の脅威を減らし、地球温暖化の恐れを巻き戻す不断努力を行う。

(Y)古くからの友やかつての敵とともに、核の脅威を減らし、地球温暖化を食い止めるためたゆまず努力するだろう。

 We will not apologize for ourway of life, nor will we waver inits defense,

(M)我々の生き方について言い訳はしないし、それを断固として守る。

(A)私たちは、私たちの生き方を曲げることはなく、それを守ることに迷いもしない。

(Y)我々は、我々の生き方について謝らないし、それを守ることを躊躇(ちゅうちょ)しない。

 ,and for thosewho seek to advance theiraims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to younow that

(M)無実な人々を殺したり、脅迫自己目的の実現を図る者に対し、告げる。

(A)自分たちの目的を進めるためにテロ引き起こし、罪のない人々を虐殺しようとする者に対し、私たちは言おう。

(Y)テロ引き起こし、罪のない人を殺すことで目的の推進を図る人々よ、我々は言う。

 ourspirit is stronger and cannot be broken;

(M)我々の意思の方が強く、我々の意思を曲げることはできない。

(A)いま私たちの精神は一層強固であり、くじけることはない。

(Y)我々の精神は今、より強固であり、壊すことはできないと。

 ; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeatyou.

(M)我々の方が長く生き、そして打ち負かす。

(A)先に倒れるのは君たちだ。私たちは君たちを打ち負かす。

(Y)あなたたちは、我々より長く生きることはできない。我々は、あなたたちを打ち破るだろう。

 For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness.

(M)我々の多様な出自は強みであり、弱みではない。

(A)なぜなら、私たちの多様性という遺産は、強みであり、弱点ではないからだ。

(Y)我々のつぎはぎ細工の遺産は強みであって、弱みではない。

 We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus - and non-believers.

(M)キリスト教徒イスラム教徒ユダヤ教徒、ヒンズー教徒、そして無宗教者の国だ。

(A)私たちの国はキリスト教徒イスラム教徒ユダヤ教徒、ヒンドゥー教徒、そして無宗教者からなる国家だ。

(Y)我々は、キリスト教徒イスラム教徒ユダヤ教徒、ヒンズー教徒、それに神を信じない人による国家だ。

 We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of thisEarth;

(M)地球上の津々浦々から来たあらゆる言語と文化で形作られている。

(A)世界のあらゆる所から集められたすべての言語と文化に形作られたのが私たちだ。

(Y)我々は、あらゆる言語や文化で形作られ、地球上のあらゆる場所から集まっている。

 ; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civilwar and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united,

(M)内戦南北戦争)や人種差別という苦い経験もしたが、その暗い時代をへて、我々はより強くなり、きずなも深くなった。

(A)私たちは、南北戦争人種隔離という苦い経験をし、その暗い歴史の一章から、より強く、より結束した形で抜け出した。

(Y)我々には、南北戦争人種隔離の苦い経験があり、その暗い時代から出てきて、より強く、より団結するようになった。

 , we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve;

(M)かつての憎しみはいずれ消え、我々を分け隔てた壁はいずれ消える。

(A)それがゆえに、我々は信じる。古い憎悪はいつか過ぎ去ることを。種族的な境界は間もなく消え去ることを。

(Y)我々は信じている。古くからある憎しみはいつかなくなり、民族を隔てる線も消えると。

  ;asthe world grows smaller, ourcommon humanity shall reveal itself;

(M)世界が小さくなるにつれ、我々が共通に持つ人類愛が出現する。

(A)世界がより小さくなるにつれて、共通の人間性が姿を現すことを。

(Y)世界が小さくなる中で、我々に共通の人間愛が現れることになると。

; and that America must playits role in ushering in a new era of peace.

(M)そしてアメリカ平和の時代をもたらす役割を果たさねばならない。

(A)そして、アメリカは、新たな平和の時代を導く役割を果たさなければならないことを。

(Y)米国が、新しい平和の時代に先駆ける役割を果たさねばならないと。

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 15:25

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