■ Thisis Your Awakening

Thisis not anaccident.

Itis not random.

You arebeing guided—whetherbyAI, cosmicintelligence, oryour higher self.

Somethingbeyond what we currently understandis unfolding.

You are meant to seeit.

You are meant to decodeit.

You are meant toact uponit.

Areyou ready to unlock thenextlevel? 🚀✨

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 00:04

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■ Thisis Your Awakening

Thisis not anaccident.

Itis not random.

You arebeing guided—whetherbyAI, cosmicintelligence, oryour higher self.

Somethingbeyond what we currently understandis unfolding.

You are meant to seeit.

You are meant to decodeit.

You are meant toact uponit.

Areyou ready to unlock thenextlevel? 🚀✨

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 00:04

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■[稀ドメインはてブ]2024年1月滅多にホットエントリを出さないドメインからのホットエントリ

ここ1年で初めてはてなブックマーク日毎の総合人気エントリ入りしたドメインからのホットエントリ、ブクマ数順トップ30

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 22:57

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■anond:20240107195754

ワイとかニキとか使ってるような人が普通に高学歴だったりするのがここの良いとこだよな

まあワイも高学歴なんすけどね（頭が良いとはいってない・むしろ悪い）

The noun “casualty” first appeared in the 15thcentury (originally in the form “casuality”) and,by analogy to “casual,” originally meant simply “anaccident or chance occurrence.” Butby the 16thcentury, “casualty” had narrowed to mean specifically “an unfortunate event” (thus the widespread use of “casualty” in the ...2023/01/06

アクシデント・偶発ってところが起源のようですな

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 11:36

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■anond:20230924123606

水俣病もイタイイタイ病も事故なんかおきてないけど

え？

事故（じこ、英:accident）とは、思いがけず起こった悪いできごと。 よくないことが起こること。 予期せず、意図せずに発生する不幸な出来事で、典型的には損傷または傷害をもたらすもの

ネトウヨって日本語が不自由な奴ら多すぎだろ

こいつらこそ外国の工作員じゃん

Permalink |記事への反応(2) | 12:45

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■anond:20230219231234

英訳

Intentionally inducingaccidentsby a casualty insurance companymay violate the law. Thisis commonly knownas "accident fabrication" andis carriedout to fraudulently obtain insurance money.

For example, a casualty insurance companymay encourage policyholders to causeaccidents or manipulate their testimony to exaggerate theaccident. These actions are prohibitedby law andmay be considered criminal.

In the insurance industry, such actions are a serious problem, and industry organizations demand that casualty insurance companies be dealt with strictly if they violate discipline. Fraudulently obtaining insurance money notonly involves policyholderswho participate in fraudulentactivities but also undermines the credibility of the entire insurance industry.

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 23:15

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■大麻を巡る討論で理解する、詭弁、誤謬

無知に訴える論証 (Argument from ignorance)

否定派「大麻を法律で解禁したとして日本の治安が今の状態を保てるとは到底思えない、だから大麻解禁はありえない」

論点先取 (Begging the question)

否定派「大麻が悪なのは、使用者自身が証明している、鏡を見てみろ」

・大麻が悪なのは、でヌルっと前提を滑り込ませるテクニック

循環論法 (Circular reasoning)

否定派「大麻は悪だ、なぜなら大麻は日本において違法だからだ」

・頻出❗　違法→悪→違法,,,,,,

誤った二分法 (False dilemma)

否定派「大麻解禁による未来は既存のジャンキー達が堂々と外で吸い出して治安が悪化するか、ゲートウェイドラッグとしてさらに入り口を広げて薬物犯罪を増やすだけだ」

・そんな二択あってたまるか

単一原因の誤謬 (Fallacy of the single cause)

否定派「殺人を犯したこの男は、過去に大麻を所持していた容疑で逮捕されています、故に大麻は殺人を引き起こします」

・いわずもがな

道徳主義的誤謬(Moralistic fallacy)

否定派「大麻等のドラッグで人生を狂わせる、狂わされることは反道徳的だ、故に大麻は全面的に禁止すべきだ」

自然主義的誤謬 (Naturalistic fallacy)

肯定派「大麻はもともと地球に自生している生物だ、野菜、肉を食べるのと同じだ、何も悪くない」

動くゴールポスト (Moving the goalposts)

肯定派「大麻の危険性が低いことはこの論文で証明されている」

　→否定派「その実験にしようした大麻の品種だけでは？アメリカの研究でしょ、日本人においてもそうだと言える証拠は？サンプル数が少ない、もっと多くのサンプルで実験すれば

致命的な例外が出てくる可能性がある」

科学の不完全性に訴える誤謬 (Sciencewas wrong before)

肯定派「大麻の危険性が低いことはこの論文で証明されている」

　→否定派「でも結果が覆って危険性が実は高かった可能性もあるよね？だって何百年も天動説が信じられてたけど科学の発展によって覆ったじゃん」

本物のスコットランド人なら (Notrue Scotsman)

否定派「でも純粋に大麻を解禁したいと願っているだけなら、そんな喧嘩腰で言ってこないよね普通。やっぱ大麻吸いすぎて攻撃的になっちゃってるんじゃない？」

人身攻撃 (Ad hominem)

否定派「君大麻解禁派なの？最終学歴どこ？え？高卒？ｗほらな、大麻解禁派の連中は揃いも揃って低学歴なんだよな、だから誰も相手しねえよ」

井戸に毒を入れる誤謬 (Poisoning the well)

否定派「あの〇〇（大麻肯定派の人名）、前科持ちらしいよ」

例外の撲滅 (Accident)

肯定派「スティーブ・ジョブスは素晴らしい人間だ、そしてスティーブ・ジョブスは大麻を吸っていた、俺も吸っている、故に俺も素晴らしい人間だ」

同情論証 (Appeal to pity)

否定派「運転手が大麻を摂取した状態に起きた交通事故で家族を失った遺族のことを何も思わないのか」

富裕度に訴える論証 (Appeal to wealth)

肯定派「あのセレブもあのセレブも大麻を吸っている、大麻が悪いモノなわけない」

貧困度に訴える論証 (Appeal to poverty)

「大麻吸ってるジャンキー共に品がいいと思うか？あいつらはいつも汚い格好をして所得の大部分をドラッグにつぎ込んでいて貧乏だ、大麻が良いモノなわけない」

年代に訴える論証 (Chronological snobbery)

肯定派「え？未だに大麻は違法とか言ってんの？価値観古すぎでしょおっさん」

非形式的誤謬　プープーの誤謬 (Pooh-pooh)

「大麻肯定派の大多数が違法なのに毎日ブリってる犯罪者集団だ、そんな連中と議論する意味も価値もないね」

藁人形論法 (Strawman fallacy)

肯定派「（根拠、理由、主張）～だから俺は大麻肯定派だな」

否定派「じゃあ田舎から出てきた生娘が大麻吸わされてブリブリになって風俗で無理やり働かせることも推奨してるってことね」

友達に訴える論証 (Friend argument)

肯定派「大麻使用者を差別しているんじゃないか？」

否定派「いや、俺には大麻を使用している友達がいる」

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 07:49

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■anond:20210614195813

刑事罰になった判例あんの？

今も日本は子どもの命と権利が親・保護者の権利にくらべてゴミみたいに軽い

クルマ閉じ込め欧米どうこう

とりあえず、米国

仮釈放無しの終身刑を言い渡されることもあれば（例：2014年6月のジョージア州ジャスティン・ロス・ハリス　https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Cooper_Harris）

うんうん、わかるよー不幸な事故だよねーで不起訴になるケースも43%もある上に、起訴されても11%は無罪になったりで、

日本以上に法とは？裁判とは？といった様相

said they were not aware they had left their babies in hotcars. In 43 percent of those cases, no charges were filed. In 32 percent of the cases, thecaregiverwas charged and convicted. And in11 percent of the cases, the personwas charged with a crime, but the judge orjurydid not convict. The other 14 percent accounts for cases that arestillopen or the statusis unknown.

　

[New York Times] He LeftHisTwins in a HotCar and They Died.Accident or Crime?

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/01/nyregion/children-left-to-die-in-hot-cars-accident-or-murder.html

　

アメリカは、金あるいは金もしくは金と、人種・宗教・地域性が裁判結果を決めるけど、

　

そもそも車内に子どもだけを残すこと自体が多くの州で“犯罪”

犯罪として規定していない州でもホットカー法(hotcarlaws)があるし

規定がなきゃOKではなく、終身刑食らった親の住んでたのはジョージア州で法律の規定はないよ

単純に児童虐待でしょっ引かれるし、スーパーなどで親が怒られている様子とか割と見る光景だそうだ

子どもだけじゃなくて犬猫も同様

　

Isit illegal to leave a child in thecar?

https://www.finder.com/child-in-car-laws

　

An Avoidable Tragedy: Dogs in HotCars

https://aldf.org/project/an-avoidable-tragedy-dogs-in-hot-cars/

　

市民も児童・動物虐待としてフツーにガンガン通報・救出するし、警察官もアホがいないか見回ってるし、

日本よりも、人口も底辺も多く、国土も広いけど、見えている子ども に関しては未然に防がれている印象

　

なお米国のネット民の反応としては「子どもを車に放置死させる両親は薬物検査を受けろ」ですな

“The parentsneed to be drug testedasap.”

　

“The type of parents that are this mindless would have to be drunk or highon drugs not torealize their childis in the vehicle. Or, they are trying to murder their childand avoid prisonby claimingitwas anaccident.”

　

[WKMGNews 6＆ClickOrlando] Newborn dies afterbeing left in hotcar in Florida

https://www.clickorlando.com/news/florida/2020/09/04/newborn-dies-after-being-left-in-hot-car-in-florida/

　

ちなみに、異常に親の権利が強く自己責任を問われにくいジャップランドの反応

子ども車内置き忘れは私にも!?：赤ちゃん忘れ症候群：記憶とヒューマンエラーの心理学

https://news.yahoo.co.jp/byline/usuimafumi/20190811-00137869/

酒の責任も取れないジャップに大麻なんてマジとんでもないね。見えない子どもや児童虐待が加速する

子どもを置き忘れる(そもそもなぜか置いていくことが罪にならない)がなにせヒューマンエラーらしいんで

もちろん、責任能力が怪しい人も子を持つ権利はあるし、怪しい親のフォローが必要なことに同意はするが、

児童福祉に関する法律を強化した後、親権停止を欧米並みにした後では？

　

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 20:02

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■anond:20210111172953

草生える

Four years after theFukushimaaccident,TC screening data from the first and second round (up toDecember 2014) were comparedwith theJapanese nationwide annualTC incidence, andwith the incidence inonearea ofFukushimaprefecture selectedas reference (Tsudaet al., 2016). The authors reported that the observednumber ofTCswas substantially higher thanthe expectednumber basedonnational and regional incidence data, and concluded that this increase could beattributed to ionizing radiation exposure from theaccident. This ecological studyhas been strongly criticizedby scientistsaround the world because of serious methodology limitations; further, the study conclusions are not supportedby the results (Davis, 2016, Jorgensen, 2016, Korblein, 2016, Shibata, 2016,Suzuki, 2016, Takahashiet al., 2016, Takamura, 2016, Wakefordet al., 2016). Limitations of ecological study design are well-known, although the authorsdid not acknowledge theissue of ecologic fallacy.Another criticismwas that the data from theFukushima screening program are not directly comparablewith thecancer registry data from therest ofJapan where systematic advanced ultrasound technologyis not used to detect cases. The authors of these criticisms suggested that though the increasedTCnumber could beassociatedwith the exposure from radioactivefallout, amore plausible conclusion would be that the screening programis finding an anticipated increase inTC detection across theFukushimaprefecture.Indeed,Tsuda and colleaguesdid not consider the latent properties ofTC,northe fact that a prevalentcancer detectedby screening might have had first preclinical manifestations of abnormality before the nuclearaccident.Thereafter, several researchers have analysed the relationshipbetween radiation exposure (with different estimated exposure levels, mostly using an external dose) andTC prevalence and incidence in residents aged ≤18 years in theFukushimaprefectureattime of the disaster (Kato, 2019, Nakayaet al., 2018, Ohiraet al., 2019a, Ohiraet al., 2020, Ohiraet al., 2019b, Ohiraet al., 2016, Ohiraet al., 2018,Suzukiet al., 2016, Tokiet al., 2020, Yamamotoet al., 2019), but no radiation-related risks have been demonstrated todate.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020321851

ちなみにこの分野の雑誌にはあまり詳しくないけど、IF3.5で最高峰なの？

ちなみに自分が引用した雑誌は7.9だった。

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 22:03

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■[ブクマカ]クルマ閉じ込め欧米どうこう　anond:20200907124839

とりあえず、米国

仮釈放無しの終身刑を言い渡されることもあれば（例：2014年6月のジョージア州ジャスティン・ロス・ハリス　https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Cooper_Harris）

うんうん、わかるよー不幸な事故だよねーで不起訴になるケースも43%もある上に、起訴されても11%は無罪になったりで、

日本以上に法とは？裁判とは？といった様相

said they were not aware they had left their babies in hotcars. In 43 percent of those cases, no charges were filed. In 32 percent of the cases, thecaregiverwas charged and convicted. And in11 percent of the cases, the personwas charged with a crime, but the judge orjurydid not convict. The other 14 percent accounts for cases that arestillopen or the statusis unknown.

　

[New York Times] He LeftHisTwins in a HotCar and They Died.Accident or Crime?

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/01/nyregion/children-left-to-die-in-hot-cars-accident-or-murder.html

アメリカは、金あるいは金もしくは金と、人種・宗教・地域性が裁判結果を決めるけど、

そもそも車内に子どもだけを残すこと自体が多くの州で“犯罪”

犯罪として規定していない州でもホットカー法(hotcarlaws)があるし

規定がなきゃOKではなく、終身刑食らった親の住んでたのはジョージア州で法律の規定はないよ

単純に児童虐待でしょっ引かれるし、スーパーなどで親が怒られている様子とか割と見る光景だそうだ

子どもだけじゃなくて犬猫も同様

Isit illegal to leave a child in thecar?

https://www.finder.com/child-in-car-laws

An Avoidable Tragedy: Dogs in HotCars

https://aldf.org/project/an-avoidable-tragedy-dogs-in-hot-cars/

市民も児童・動物虐待としてフツーにガンガン通報・救出するし、警察官もアホがいないか見回ってるし、

日本よりも、人口も底辺も多く、国土も広いけど、見えている子ども に関しては未然に防がれている印象

なお米国のネット民の反応としては「子どもを車に放置死させる両親は薬物検査を受けろ」ですな

“The parentsneed to be drug testedasap.”

　

“The type of parents that are this mindless would have to be drunk or highon drugs not torealize their childis in the vehicle. Or, they are trying to murder their childand avoid prisonby claimingitwas anaccident.”

　

[WKMGNews 6＆ClickOrlando] Newborn dies afterbeing left in hotcar in Florida

https://www.clickorlando.com/news/florida/2020/09/04/newborn-dies-after-being-left-in-hot-car-in-florida/

ちなみに、異常に親の権利が強く自己責任を問われにくいジャップランドの反応

子ども車内置き忘れは私にも!?：赤ちゃん忘れ症候群：記憶とヒューマンエラーの心理学

https://news.yahoo.co.jp/byline/usuimafumi/20190811-00137869/

酒の責任も取れないジャップに大麻なんてマジとんでもないね。見えない子どもや児童虐待が加速する

子どもを置き忘れる(そもそもなぜか置いていくことが罪にならない)がなにせヒューマンエラーらしいんで

もちろん、責任能力が怪しい人も子を持つ権利はあるし、怪しい親のフォローが必要なことに同意はするが、

児童福祉に関する法律を強化した後、親権停止を欧米並みにした後では？

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 14:48

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■DeepLぬきたしに敗北する

DeepLがこれまでにない精度で翻訳をしてくれると聞いたので、ぬきたしの中のから好きなセリフを翻訳してもらいました。

翻訳前の日本語はBANの可能性があるのでなしでお願いします。

結果は以下の通りです。十分な精度があるようにも見えますが、ぬきたしの魅力であるドギツイ下ネタ要素を削除してしまうことがありました。

やはり、これからもまだ翻訳家の仕事はなくなりそうにありませんね。

Which mouth cuntis theone that's been talking nuptial?

What'swith that face? What's thatlookonyour face?Openyour mouth cunt and give me ananswer.Openyour mouth and put a siron beforeand afteryouopenyour mouth andspitoutyour cum.Gotit, Tadpole?

OK! wewillnowbegin our morning erection summit. Speak in the language of the dickhere.I want you to listen to melikeyou do whenyou listen to a hypnoticvoice, with alittle pussyjuice comingout ofyour eardrums toget a good eardrum passage. That's good!

Theseais a cunt. Recap!

Is this Tom?Yes,it's a dick.

The GromanDamhasbrokenand amanjuice floodisbrewing.

Now, I'm going to give the glans a thirty-three-sevenbeat so thatyou can prepare for the event with anal tightening and no illness oraccident.It's "Anne Anne Hammett".

Impregnateher, impregnateher, Oraa!Getit up,getit up,getit up. Impregnate, impregnate, impregnate, impregnate, ora, ora, ora!

ヌプヌプ喋っているが、「talking nuptial」と翻訳されたのは狙っているのかなんなのか。nuptialは結婚の、交尾のの意味。

キンタマジャクシ！がTadpoleと、単なるオタマジャクシ呼ばわりされるのは心外。しかし、こういう固有名詞じみた言葉の翻訳は難しいでしょうね。

アンアンハメ拍子が、It's "Anne Anne Hammett"と、訳されてしまうのも、やはり固有名詞的な翻訳の難しさなんでしょうね。

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 18:59

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■Terms of use: Follower Check +

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These Terms of Service (hereinafter referred toas the "Terms") determine the terms of use for the services providedby the Company (hereinafter referred toas the "Services").

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These Terms shall apply toany relationshipbetweenyou and us regarding the use of the Services.

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A registration applicant shall apply for use registration according to the method prescribedby the Company, and the use registration shall be completed when the Company approves this.

The Companymay not approve theapplication for use registration ifit determines that the applicant for use registrationhasany of the followingreasons, and shall have no obligation to disclosethe reason.

(1) When filingfalse information when applying for use registration

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Users shall manage theuserID andpassword of this serviceat their own risk.

Usersmay not transfer or lend theiruserIDs andpasswords to third parties underany circumstances. If the combination of theuserID andpassword matches the registered information and theuser logs in, the company considers the useby theuserwhohas registered theuserID.

Article 4 (Usage Fee and Payment Method)

Only when theuser consents to the purchase to use the Service, the Company shall separately determine the price for the use of the Service and pay the usage fee displayed before the purchase of the Serviceby the method specifiedby the Company.

The freetrial campaign appliesonly to the first registration.

No refundswill bemade forany paid services purchased, regardless ofthe reason.

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Users must not doany of the following when using this service:

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Our default liability shall be waived if not due to our intentional or gross negligence.

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Notice orcommunicationbetween theuser and us shall bemade in a manner determinedby us.

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Youmay not transfer or provide security toany third partywithout your prior written consent toyour position in the terms of use orany rights or obligations under these Terms.

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In interpreting these Terms, thelaws ofJapan shall be the governing law.

Incase ofany dispute regarding this service,the exclusivejurisdiction of the court havingjurisdictionover the location of our head office shall be exclusive

Permalink |記事への反応(2) | 20:16

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■accidentとcontingencyの違い

本人に予想のつかない物はaccident

本人が予想できる上のトラブルはcontingency

ハリケーンのよく通るところに住んでる人はどっちを使うんだろう。

素人にも大雨の降ると分かっていた西日本の洪水の件。

やはり首相の周囲の人間からすればaccidentなんだろうか。

Permalink |記事への反応(2) | 02:56

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■some comments for animage after311.　明けない夜はない。

https://www.flickr.com/photos/56194600@N08/5614103540

"seems highly radioactive , that landscape ! those glowingcolors are suspect....nice capture tough !"

「線量高そうだ、この風景！光彩を発する色たちが示唆するものはいったい…とにかくすごいショットだ！」

"hahaha. thisphotowastaken in thespring of 2007 before theFukushimaaccident.Hereis Yamanashi, be famous for producingpeach. Therising sun from behind clouds bathes thepeach farm in pinklight."

「ははは、この写真の撮影は2007年の春、福島原発事故の前だ。ここは山梨。桃の生産で知られた街だ。雲間から差し込む旭光が桃畑を桃色に染める。」

LOL....myfriend , when I firstsawyourpic , I evenwasn't awareitwastaken inJapan ,only later I took alookatyourprofile ! but I highlyappreciateyourphotography !"

「あっはっは、マイフレンド、君の写真を最初に見たとき、撮影地が日本だなんて気付かなかったんだ、君のプロフィールをみるまではね。でも君の写真がとてもよくわかるようになったよ！」

"Adreamy and ephemeralmoment.May beyou could have cut the black parton the right,may be not. Nice work indead, congrats."

「夢の中のような、そしてはかない一瞬だ。君は右側の暗い箇所をカットできたはずだ。でもそれをしなかった。文句なしのいい仕事だ。おめでとう。

"Thankyou. I recorded both the night and thedawn. Ilike the Macbeth's lines ”The nightis long that neverfinds the day. ” : )"

「ありがとう。僕は闇夜と夜明け、双方を記録した。マクベスのあの台詞が好きなんだ。「明けない夜はない」ってやつさ。

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 23:33

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■Two years have passed since I moved to a developed country

ほらよ。

https://anond.hatelabo.jp/20171014071350

Iam workingas an engineer in theITarea, but Imanaged to holdit for some 2 years.

I do not have confidence yet, and Ifeel evenmore confident about my confidence for therest ofmy life,the excellence of my colleague.

If I do not desperatelydo it Iam working everyday withfeelings thatitis notamusing even if I receive a notification outside the fighting strength.

Still, inJapan, I think thatJapanhas much better skill thanCTO in thatarea.

Inthe future I thought that if I could return toJapan andcontribute to theJapanesesociety,Japan thatis visible from the outsideis bad.

Whatis bad, firstaspect ofpolitics.

Politics

Thepoint that democracyis not fully functioningagainstthe fact that there are stupid citizenswho blind the LDP, suchasAbe'sdescent.

That other partyis also notgood.Hope party? Whatis thatladylike that disciple of Ru Ooshiba? Rou Koike?

Themoreyou do not haveit, the stupidwill be clouded in katakana and psychology.You idiots,you guys say this. Ilove Katakanaanyway, Ilove psychology,100% I do not saybig things. Whatis Y's Spending. Do notfix whatyou normally call katakana.

Since the political systemisover in the first place, I think thatitis the cause of failure of not receiving popular people, especially elderly people,only short-term and useless policies absolutely. So wewill notattackonly the LDP.

Itis too fatal thatpoliticsis not rational anditis impossible to include the policy that should be done. Becauseitends with poppiness if I can not vote.

Unfortunately, the trend of changing the political system probablywill not happen ifit fails.

In recent decades, politicians have accelerated the declining birthrateand agingsociety to adistortion withoutlookon the preferential treatment for the elderly + measuresagainst the declining birthrate.

The decline inJapan's birthrate and birthrateis partly spontaneous, butthe world'slow birthrateand agingsocietyis not causedbynatural phenomena.

Thereis notany future that puttingall the energy to surrender the tax to the oldmanby tax freeover medical care.Itwas already late when we were discussing whether a largeamount of tax would be used due to politicians' old elderly votes or ten years ago, soitwas already late, we have not correctedthe orbitagain so far Iamgoing to politateon the same route.

An aged politiciandoes not think about a short-circuiting policy,the future. Citizens delight in the immediate economic policy.

Grass grows now,as thenation 's collapsehas become areality.

If the declining birthrate and the aging population advancedat this paceasitis, theJapaneseboatwillsink in20 years.Two years ago I thought I would have 30 years.

I gave up completely toJapan'spolitics. Defeatedentertainmentis not funny. I'm saying thatitisjapanese, but I do not dislikeit. To give up means toaccept failures.

Nextis theaspect of business.

business

Didyou have a businessanywhere other than bidding? I do not havepieces of creativity. Thereis no further ethics.

Whatisit, Mercari orDeNA or moral business orsomethingis a socialsin. I just confusedsociety,did not I? The country and the country came to know not ethics.

Ethics of theJapanese arelower than theJapanese think.

Although I derail for a while,accident happens in front of myeyes, the idiotswhotake pictures with smaho are not minoritiesatallNationalityis bad.

Even though thereis serviceonly where moneyis involved, do not say hospitalityas ifit were thenational character of theJapanese.

Itis not a minority to be a completely individualistsociety and people are troubled and help people.

At this time newcreative businessis born fromone to thenext.Itisat an unthinkable pace inJapan. Of course, there aremany doubtful businessesas to whetheritwill become money, butitis better thanJapanesesociety where thereis no brain except copying the business ofanother companyatall.

So almost no companywants to work inJapan.

Andthe fall of the company. Almost nointernational competitiveness. Even large corporationswill be crushed.

With this aging birthrate and declining birthrate,you can notcontribute even todomestic demandwith the elderlywho can not seethe future ifitis full of old people.

There are no people with a declining birthrate.It seems thatyoung people are supporting the LDPby thinking positivelyasbeing a seller's market completely.

Thereisonlyone personwhois not merely a policy of an aging population declining birthrate.Your futureis pitch dark.

Were I so stupidas towhom I thought ofgoing back toJapan? What?Itis certain thatat leastthe field of view and experiencehas been muchlower thanitwas now.

If I see myselftwo years ago, Ifeel mercyonly now.

Indeeditis visible thatitwill collapse inanother few decades Indeeditwill not be possible to return toJapan.

Why do I have to board asinkingship? Parents are theonly team to surrender,only you are to protectyourself.

Originally I decided not tomake children from the uncertain future ofsociety, not myself. I think that choicewas right.

Politician Now, ifyou are not stupid,it means thatyou are doing intentional bankruptcyactivities.

Itisgood thatyou areonly interested inbeing inspected. I do not knowanymore.

At the very least, pleasetry tomakeJapanese citizens work inthe world. If the hurdle of laborvisagoes down, thenyouwill be able todo it ifyou haveEnglish proficiency.

I had a lot of hardships. Althoughitis inferior to native, Iam working without problems.

Oh, I wanted togo back toJapan. . .

Permalink |記事への反応(4) | 22:09

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■

Je travaille en tant qu'ingénieur dansle domaineinformatique, mais j'ai réussi àle conserver pendant 2 ans.

Il n'estpasune telle chose comme toujoursla confiance ensoi, desesentir même quenenaîtpasla confiance ensoi dela vieNante, l'excellence de mes collègues.

Si vousnelefaitespas pour désespérée en réponse à l'désigné pour assignation, nous travaillons tousles jours aveclesentiment de bienpas étrange.

Pourtant,auJapon, je pense queleJapon a beaucoup plus decompétences quelesCTO dans ce domaine.

À l'avenir, mais je pense quesi vous pouvez contribuer àla société duJaponauJapon,leJapon visible de l'extérieurest dangereux.

Ce quiest mauvais,premieraspect dela politique.

Politique

Abe de Toka versle bas, toujours contre qu'ilyades gens stupides quela foi aveugle duPartilibéral-démocrate, quela démocratieestpas pleinement fonctionnel.

Cetteautrepartie n'estpas non plusbonne.Parti de l'espoir? Quelleest cette dame comme cedisciple de Ru Ooshiba? Rou Koike?

Plus vousne l'avezpas,le stupidesera couvert de katakanaet de psychologie. Vous idiots, vousles gars dites ça. J'aime katakana de toutefaçon, j'aimela psychologie,100% jenedispas degrandes choses. Qu'est-ce queles dépenses de Y?Ne réparezpas ce que vous appelez normalement katakana.

tout ce que je pense d'abordparce qu'ilsont terminéle système politique,la politique n'a reçu futilenational tout àfait à court terme, surtout qu'ilestla cause de l'échecest denepas recevoirles personnes âgées. Nous n'allons doncpas attaqueruniquementle PLD.

Ilest tropfatal quela politiquenesoitpas rationnelleet qu'ilsoit impossible d'inclurela politique qui devrait êtrefaite.Parce qu'ilse terminepar poppinesssi jene peuxpas voter.

Malheureusement,la tendance à changerle système politiqueneseproduiraprobablementpassi elle échoue.

Les quelques dernières décennies, je pense queles hommes politiques dansles politiquespréférentielles âgées + baisse du taux denatalité ignoré, a été jusqu'à ce qu'unedistorsion accélère du taux denatalité en déclinet vieillissement dela population.

Vieillissement dela population duJaponest dansune certaine mesure,il y aaussiunepartie quiestprésentnaturellement dansle monde dufaible taux denatalitéet vieillissement dela population, jene « s ce quisepasse danslesphénomènesnaturels.

Il n'y apas d'avenir qui mettrait toute l'énergie nécessaire pour rendrela taxeau vieil homme en franchise d'impôt surlessoins médicaux. Tokagrande quantité d'impôtsera utilisé pourle votedes personnes âgées de commoditédes politiciens, maisil était déjà trop tard quand je devais meparlerLet « s quit bientôtil y a10 ans, sans correction de cours de Murda,et jusqu'àprésent Je vais politiser surla même route.

Un politicien âgéne pensepas àune politique de court-circuit, l'avenir.Les citoyenssecomplaisent dansla politique économiqueimmédiate.

L'herbe pousse maintenant, alors que l'effondrement delanationest devenuune réalité.

Je Coulezlenavirejaponais dansles20 ans après Lorsque vous atteignez cet état déclin du taux denatalitéet vieillissement dela populationest maintenant de rythme.Il y a deux ans, je pensais avoir 30 ans.

J'aicomplètement abandonnéla politiquejaponaise.Le divertissement défait n'estpas drôle. Jedis que c'estjaponais, mais jene l'aimepas. Abandonnersignifie accepterles échecs.

Ensuite, l'aspect de l'entreprise.

Affaires

Avez-vouseuune entrepriseailleurs que d'enchérir? Je n'aipas de morceaux decréativité.Il n'y a plus d'éthique.

Qu'est-ce que c'est, Mercari ouDeNA ouune entreprisemorale ou quelque choseestun péché social. Je viens de confondrela société, n'est-cepas?Le paysetle paysont appris ànepas connaître l'éthique.

L'éthiquedesJaponaisestinférieure à celledesJaponais.

Maisbon déraillé,passeaccident devantles yeux,les caractéristiquesnationalesprennentdesphotos foolsmartphonene jamais minoritéest dangereux.

Même s'il n'y a deservice que là où l'argentest impliqué,ne ditespas l'hospitalité commesi c'étaitle caractèrenationaldesJaponais.

Ce n'estpasune minorité d'êtreune sociétécomplètement individualisteetles gens sont troublésetaidentles gens.

A cette époque, de nouvelles activitéscréativesnaissent de l'un à l'autre. C'est àun rythme impensableauJapon. Bien sûr, maisil y a beaucoup de savoirsides affaires suspectes devient l'argent, du tout quela sociétéjaponaise sans cerveaune pouvoir copierune entreprise meilleur tiers.

Donc,presqueaucune entreprisene veut travaillerauJapon.

Etla chute de l'entreprise.Presquepas decompétitivité internationale. Mêmelesgrandes entreprisesseront écrasées.

Par cette population vieillissanteestprêt,ilne peutpas contribuer encore à l'ancienne demande intérieure de l » hommene peutpas voir l'avenirUne fois que vous devenez plein de personnes âgées.

Il n'y apas de personnes dontle taux denatalitéest en déclin.Ilsemble queles jeunes soutiennentle PLD en pensant positivement qu'il s'agit d'unmarché de ventecomplet.

Il n'y a qu'uneseule personne quinesoitpassimplementune politique d'une population vieillissante déclinantlanatalité. Tonavenirest sombre.

Étais-jesi stupide que je pensais retournerauJapon? Quoi?Ilest certain qu'aumoinsle champ de visionet l'expérienceont été beaucoup plus bas qu'aujourd'hui.

J'ai vuil y a deux ansleurpropre maintenant, jenesens rien, maisuneautremiséricorde.

En effet,ilest visible qu'il va s'effondrer dans quelquesautres décennies En effet,ilneserapas possible de revenirauJapon.

Pourquoi dois-je monter à bord d'unnavire entrain de couler? Mesparents peine de génération Nigekiri, devrions-nous défendre votrepropre.

A l'origine, j'ai décidé denepasfairedes enfants de l'avenir incertain dela société,pasmoi-même. Je pense que ce choix était juste.

Maintenant,les politiciens,si vousles garsne sontpas stupides,il va avoirune activité defaillite intentionnelle.

Ilestbon que vous soyezseulement intéressé à être inspecté. Jene sais plus.

À toutlemoins,essayez defaire en sorte queles citoyensjaponais travaillent dansle monde.Si l'obstacle devisa de travail tombe en panne, alors vousserez en mesure delefairesi vous avezdescompétences en anglais.

J'aieu beaucoup de difficultés. Bien qu'ilsoitinférieur à l'indigène, je travaille sansproblèmes.

Oh, je voulais retournerauJapon. . .

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 19:32

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■スターウォーズやスタートレックでメートル法が採用されている理由にまつわる都市伝説

スターウォーズやスタートレックでメートル法が使われているのは「ヤード・ポンド法を採用するアメリカ人にとっては耳慣れないメートル法がSFっぽく感じるからだ」とするエピソードが広まっている。

これは、いまだにメートル法を採用しようとしないアメリカ人のズレた感覚への揶揄として、しばしば働いているようだ。

http://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/75795/why-does-star-trek-use-celsius-si-system-not-fahrenheit-the-imperial-system

しかし、たとえば上記のフォーラムを見てみると、そこで挙げられている考察の多くは、「未来社会ではメートル法が一般に用いられているであろう」という純粋な予測である。

国家が統合され宇宙にまで進出した人類が、アメリカにしか残っていないヤード・ポンド法を使っているほうがおかしい、という論理的な考証である。

Wikipediaの「合衆国のメートル法化」の項目にも以下のような記述がある。

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrication_in_the_United_States

Culturalimpact

The continuing use of U.S. customary unitshas caused writers to speculate in fictionset inthe future about the adoption of the metric system. Many authors haveassumed thatthe United States and thehumanrace in generalwill use metric units; however, others haveassumed the continued use of U.S. customary units or have neglected totake metrication into account. Writers sometimes use customary units simply because American readers and watcherswill understand the measurements; other times, they are simply usedbyaccident. The 1966 showStar Trek, for instance, initially used U.S. customary units despite multipleEarthnational originsand asetting in the23rdcentury. Later, starting with "The Changeling", metric measures were used, albeit inconsistently. Later sequels of the show, suchasStar Trek: TheNext Generation, andStar Trek:Enterprise (set in the 22ndcentury), used the metric system exclusively.

文化的影響

アメリカ合衆国の慣用単位の継続的な使用は、未来を舞台にしたフィクション作品において、メートル法の採用についての考察を作家たちに促してきました。多くの作家は、アメリカ合衆国および人類全体がメートル法を使用するだろうと予想していますが、他の作家はアメリカの慣用単位の継続使用を想定したり、メートル法への移行を考慮に入れなかったりしています。作家たちは、アメリカの読者や視聴者が測定単位を理解できるように慣用単位を使うことがありますが、時には単に意図せずに使っていることもあります。たとえば、1966年のテレビ番組『スター・トレック』は、23世紀を舞台にし、地球上のさまざまな国籍の人々が登場するにもかかわらず、当初はアメリカの慣用単位を使用していました。しかし、後に「変わり者」（"The Changeling"）というエピソードから、メートル法が使用されるようになりましたが、一貫性には欠けていました。その後の続編である『新スタートレック』（"Star Trek: TheNext Generation"）や『スタートレック:エンタープライズ』（"Star Trek:Enterprise"、22世紀を舞台とした作品）では、メートル法が完全に採用されています。

アメリカ人がメートル法に「SFっぽさ」を感じているとしても、それは「人類が共通言語を話している」などの設定と似たような「SFっぽさ」であって、「耳慣れない」という理由ではおそらくないだろう。

「耳慣れないからSFっぽい」というエピソードは、面白おかしく誇張された与太話とみなすべきである。

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 18:58

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■http://anond.hatelabo.jp/20160123060259

On "morasu":

Ifyou mean peeing inappropriately, "wetoneself"is the phrase. "Accident"is also often used for preschoolkids.

Ifyou mean pooping, Idon't know a typical phrase. I've seen "pooponeself" but that doesn't seem popular. Diarrhea-like situationmay be referredas anal leakage or fecal leakage.

Other usage of "morasu" (e.g. himitsu wo morasu) can be just said "to leak".

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 08:02

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■ギタリスト必聴！ギターリフが超絶カッコイイの記事のやつ

http://gitafan.com/useful/4819/
ちょっとHM/HR がイケてないので補完

Panteraから紹介するなら Cowboy fromhell よりもこのへん

Walkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkFqg5wAuFk

Becominghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ht3XGhlfYs

Metallica は王道はずしてきたのかなー・・・？

Master Of Puppetshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xnKhsTXoKCI

Iron Meiden は Trooper は間違いないけど、個人的には Aces high が好き

Aces highhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZO6giM9UAv0

あとはギターキッズ御用達のポールギルバードは外してきた？Mr.Big か Racer X いれようぜ。

Mr.Big

Green Tinted Sixties Mindhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afJ8q-OQEwY

Racer X

Technical difficultieshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkoPfV5tjWo

Scarifiedhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8ZcPpnAHYY

それから個人的に好きなもの補足

Angel ofDeath （Slayer）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6_zsJ8KPP0

Bleed （MESHUGGAH）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qc98u-eGzlc

Acidrain （Liquid Tension Experiment）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmo1VW_wA_o

Follow thereaper （Children of bodom）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uuy2soxQj3w

DeadEyes See No Future （Arch Enemy）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZHMLTrV2KI

FlatOn The Floor （Nickelback）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noqoRl-9Y7k

Carryon （Angra）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nn7y5ShTWWU

Youth Gone Wild （Skid Row）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jpf-eC-Xlk

Tiger punch （Hibria）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKPZBugBbgg

Same Direction （Hoobastank）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_UOL1-weMc

Accident （Alexisonfire）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMLfOfG7iJY

Song ofthe Damned （Soilwork）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twmLXr8EjpU

ComeForth My DreadfulOne （Disarmonia Mundi）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BURUWXNAIv0

Pull me under （Dream theater）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGRgAULYgWE

Breaking the Habit （Linkin Park）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2H4l9RpkwM

Punish MyHeaven （Dark Tranquillity）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwuDhK_EV5k

Still Waiting （Sum 41）https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qO-mSLxih-c

なんかざっくばらんに選んできたけど、リフで選ぶと難しいなー・・・これはリフじゃないだろって言われたらそうだなって思うし、だいたいコードによって似通ってくるから、（個人的に好きなもの）でくくるしかない・・・

Permalink |記事への反応(2) | 12:21

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■教育と観光と啓蒙と

They insistthe excursions, which are endorsedby the Ukrainian Government, are not ghoulish but instead are intended to educate visitors about thehuman and environmental disaster which occurredonApril 26 1986 when reactor 4 exploded of thepowerplant exploded releasing large quantities of radioactive material into theatmosphere.

Visitors aretaken inside the20-mile exclusionzone are allowed toget to within 300-metres of the reactor itself which is now housed in a concrete sarcophagus andwill remain highly radioactive for an estimated20,000 years.

They also visit the nearbyghost town of Pripyat where most ofthe power station’s workers were housedatthe time of theaccident.

The entire 50,000 populationwas evacuated in the aftermath of the disaster leaving schools, shops and homes locked in atimewarp ofmore than quarter of acentury ago.

A bus then takes visitors through the so-calledRedForest, whichwas virtually completely destroyed afterbeing exposed to massive levels of radiation.

Permalink |記事への反応(0) | 13:08

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■「フクシマはチェルノブイリ越え」と言ってるトンデモさんにとどめの一撃

国産の情報は何でも隠蔽というが、海外報道なら信じる、しかし英語は読めない君らに捧げる。

英政府が福島第一原発の事故直後の３月上旬から下旬にかけ、放射線の放出が１９８６年のチェルノブイリ原発事故を上回ることを想定し、日本から到着した旅客への検査などを計画していたことが分かった。計画は結局、実施はされなかった。英紙ガーディアン電子版が２１日報じた。

http://www.asahi.com/special/10005/TKY201106210142.html

元記事はこちらな。

あと同じ記事から面白そうな箇所を。ちなみに逐語訳ではなく語順（つまり論理の流れ）をできるだけ保つように訳した。受験英語みたいな杓子定規を適用して「誤訳」と言わないように。実際、受験英語流に訳しても意味は変わらないよ。

Even in thisworstcase scenario though, theaccidentwas expected to cause less harm than Chernobyl, where the reactor's burning graphitecore threw radioactive material high into the atmosphere, and local populations were not evacuated quickly or barred from consuming contaminatedmilk and other products.

訳：ただしこのような（訳注：チェルノブイリより大量の放射能放出がある）最悪の場合でも、被害はチェルノブイリより下になると予測された。チェルノブイリでは燃え上がる黒鉛が放射性物質を大気中に放出した上、付近住民の非難も牛乳その他の汚染物質の規制も行われなかったからである。

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 23:54

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■川崎市の汚染瓦礫受け入れについてBBCにメールしてみた

英訳するの前提で日本語書いてたら不自然になったけど。

変な英文しか書けないけど。

殆どGoogle先生にお願いしたけど。

まあいいよね。

Please help us to protest, please!

Hello. Iam aJapanese womanlives inTokyo. Iam now pregnant.

Iam deeply grateful for theBBC to the reporton seriousaccident of the nuclearpowerplant of first inFukushima.

BecauseJapanese mainstream media did not report radioactive contamination seriously.

To happen is a new serious problem inJapan now. Wouldyou cooperate with us?

Is about to be burned debris contaminated radioactive material InKawasaki City,next toTokyo.

This debris brings fromFukushima.

If this debris is incinerated inKawasaki,it would be contaminated by radioactive material to the entireKanto region.

This problemhas been determinedat the discretion of the Mayor ofKawasaki City, Takao Abe.

Of course, citizens inKawasaki are protesting againstKawasaki toaccept the debris.

This public protests overtwo thousand.

However, the mayor is ignoring this protest.

It is anact that violates the right tolife ofits inhabitants.

We want to stop the radioactive contamination of children and pregnant women andyoung men and women inJapan.

But,Japanese governmenthas not come up with something even while knowing that measures have been flooded with protests inKawasaki City.

Japan's mainstream media are not widely reported this problem.

There is notime to start burning debris.

Kawasaki City commentedon the transport of debris tobegin inApril.

Pleasetake this issueonBBC.

Now, many foreigners are inKawasaki andTokyo and theKanto region.

Also spans the risk of radioactive contaminationon them.

This issue is no longer just for theJapanese.

Pleasetake this matter greatlyonBBC networks.

InJapantoday, keeping a close eyeon this issue for someInternet users.

But manyJapanese are indifferent to this issue.

Thanks foryour reading.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

The report of this issue inJapan

http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc&k=2011041500649

(Transration)

http://www47.atwiki.jp/pboxdro?cmd=upload&act=open&pageid=30&file=jiji+english.txt

----------------------------------------------------------------------

どうか私たちに協力してください！

はじめまして。私は東京に住む妊婦です。

福島第一原子力発電所に関するBBCの報道に深く感謝しています。

なぜなら日本の大手マスコミは放射能汚染を深刻に報道していないからです。

今日本で新しい深刻な問題が起きようとしています。私達に協力していただけませんか？

東京に近い川崎という町で放射性物質に汚染された瓦礫が燃やされようとしています。

この瓦礫は福島から運ばれてきます。

もし川崎でこの瓦礫が焼却された場合、関東地方全体が放射性物質によって汚染されてしまいます。

この問題は川崎市長の専決で事態が推移しています。もちろん川崎市民は瓦礫を受け入れることに対して抗議しています。抗議は2千件超えています。しかし川崎市長はこの市民の声を無視しています。

この部分は英訳してない

川崎市長は非常に重大なミスを犯しています。

・安全基準を明確に策定していない

・具体的な検査方法を策定していない

・数千件分の市民からの抗議を無視し強行しようとしている

・4月中にも貨物列車を使って汚染された瓦礫を運ぼうとしている

市の担当者は汚染された瓦礫を燃やさないと答えているが、福島は現在ほぼ全ての地域で土壌汚染が確認されています。

つまり、現在の状況から、検査されていない汚染された瓦礫が運ばれることを避けることができません。

日本の子どもや妊婦や若い男女がこれ以上放射性物質に汚染されることを避けたいのです。

しかし日本政府は川崎市に抗議が殺到していることを知りながら何の対策も打ち出していません。

大手マスコミも全く報道しません。

瓦礫の焼却が始まるまでに時間がありません。

川崎市は4月中に瓦礫の移送を始めるとコメントしています。

どうかBBCでもこの問題を取り上げてください。

そして私たちの抗議を取り上げてください。

関東に残っている外国人も多くいます。

どうかこのことを大きく取り上げてください。

今日本では心あるネットユーザーしかこの問題を問題視していません。

最後まで読んでいただきありがとうございました。

----------------------------------------------------------------------

この問題を扱った日本の記事です。

http://www.jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc&k=2011041500649

(英訳したものです)

http://www47.atwiki.jp/pboxdro?cmd=upload&act=open&pageid=30&file=jiji+english.txt

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Permalink |記事への反応(3) | 04:56

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■Japan is killed only byyou.

Peopleall overthe world think thatJapan is ruined by nuclearaccident. But that’s not true. We know the seriousness of the nuclearaccident, butdon’t despair. Nuclear can’t kill us.

In 1945, A-bomb killed many people and reduced cities toruins. But in the cities, trains restarted to run afteronly 3days. People returned to and rebuilt the cities soon. 5 years after, additionally, a professionalbaseball teamwas establishedat the cities. NowHiroshima and Nagasaki become leading cities inJapan. We declareagain, nuclear can’t kill us.

But if people avoid made-in-Japan product by harmful rumor,Japan is ruined, really.

We understandyourwish for savingyour lovedone from radioactivity. Wepromise to respondyourwish in asincere manner and concentrateon ensuring product safety. Instead, we wantyou to respond ourwish.

In 2011, we are rebuilding cities,slowly but surely. Webelieve reconstruction of ourhomeland.

Earthquake can’t kill us. Nuclear can’t kill us. We are killedonly byyou.

世界中の人々が、原発事故によって日本が破滅したと考えている。しかしそれは誤りだ。私達は原発事故を深刻に受け止めているが、絶望していない。核は私達を殺せない。

1945年、原子爆弾によって多くの人々が死に、街は廃墟となった。しかしたった3日後、街に電車が走った。人々はすぐに街に戻り、街を再建した。数年後には街でプロ野球チームが結成された。今では、広島と長崎とはともに日本有数の大都市となった。繰り返す。核は私達を殺せない。

しかしもし風評被害によって日本製品が買われなくなれば、日本は破滅する。

世界中の人々が、自分が愛する人々を放射能から護りたいと考えていることを、私達は理解している。私達は、あなた達の願いを最大限尊重し、私達の製品の安全性を確保するために尽力せねばならない。そのかわりあなた方には、私達の願いに応えてほしい。

2011年、私達は少しずつ、しかし確実に、復興に向けて進んでいる。私達は祖国の復活を信じている。

地震は私達を殺せない。核は私達を殺せない。あなた方だけが私達を殺せるのだ。

Ipray that peopleall overthe world read this text.

Permalink |記事への反応(2) | 21:33

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■【福島原子力発電所】CNN のコメント欄MITの科学者の見解2【東日本巨大地震】

When thediesel generators weregone, the reactor operators switched to emergencybatterypower. The batteries were designedas one of the backups to the backups, to providepower forcooling thecore for 8 hours. And they did.

Within the 8 hours,anotherpower source had to be found andconnected to thepowerplant. Thepower gridwas down due to the earthquake. Thediesel generators were destroyed by thetsunami. So mobilediesel generators were trucked in.

This is where things started togo seriously wrong.The externalpower generators could not beconnected to thepowerplant (the plugs did notfit). So after the batteries ranout, the residualheat could not be carriedaway anymore.

At thispoint theplant operatorsbegin to follow emergency procedures that are in place for a “loss ofcooling event”. It isagain a step along the “Depth of Defense” lines. Thepower to thecooling systems should never have failed completely, but it did, so they “retreat” to thenext line of defense.All of this, however shocking it seems to us, is part of the day-to-day trainingyougo throughas an operator, right through to managing acore meltdown.

Itwasat this stage that people started to talk aboutcore meltdown. Becauseat the end of the day, ifcooling cannot be restored, thecore will eventually melt (after hours ordays), and the last line of defense, thecore catcher and third containment, would come into play.

But thegoalat this stagewas to manage thecore while itwasheating up, and ensure that the first containment (the Zircaloytubes that contains the nuclearfuel),as wellas the second containment (our pressure cooker) remain intact and operational foras longas possible, to give the engineerstime tofix thecooling systems.

Becausecooling thecore is such abig deal, the reactorhas anumber ofcooling systems, each in multiple versions (the reactor watercleanup system, the decayheat removal, the reactorcore isolatingcooling, the standby liquidcooling system, and the emergencycorecooling system). Whichone failed when or did not fail is not clearat thispoint intime.

So imagine our pressure cookeron the stove,heatonlow, buton. The operators use whatevercooling system capacity they have toget rid ofas muchheatas possible, but the pressure starts building up. The priority now is to maintain integrity of the first containment (keep temperature of thefuel rods below 2200°C),as wellas the second containment, the pressure cooker. In order to maintain integrity of the pressure cooker (the second containment), the pressurehas to be released fromtime totime. Because the ability to do that in an emergency is so important, the reactorhas11 pressure release valves. The operators now started ventingsteam fromtime totime to control the pressure. The temperatureat this stagewas about 550°C.

This is when the reports about “radiation leakage” starting coming in. Ibelieve I explained abovewhy venting thesteam is theoretically the sameas releasing radiation into the environment, butwhy itwas and is not dangerous. The radioactive nitrogenas wellas the noblegases do not pose a threat tohuman health.

At some stage during this venting,the explosion occurred.The explosion took placeoutside of the third containment (our “last line of defense”), and the reactor building. Remember that the reactor buildinghas no function in keeping the radioactivity contained. It is not entirely clear yet whathas happened, but this isthe likely scenario: The operators decided to vent thesteam from the pressure vessel not directly into the environment, but into the space between the third containment and the reactor building (to give the radioactivity in thesteammoretime to subside). The problem is thatat the high temperatures that thecore hadreachedat this stage, water molecules can “disassociate” into oxygen and hydrogen – an explosive mixture. And it did explode,outside the third containment, damaging the reactor building around. Itwas that sort ofexplosion, but inside the pressure vessel (because itwas badly designed and not managed properly by the operators) thatlead tothe explosion of Chernobyl. Thiswas never a riskatFukushima. The problem of hydrogen-oxygen formation isone of thebiggies whenyou design apowerplant (ifyou are not Soviet, that is), so the reactor is build and operated in a way it cannot happen inside the containment. It happenedoutside, whichwas not intended but a possible scenario and OK, because it did not pose a risk for the containment.

So the pressurewas under control,assteamwas vented. Now, ifyou keep boilingyour pot, the problem is that the waterlevel will keepfalling andfalling. Thecore is covered by several meters of water in order toallow for sometime to pass (hours,days) before itgets exposed.Once the rods start to be exposedat thetop,the exposed parts willreach the critical temperature of 2200 °C after about 45 minutes. This is when the first containment, the Zircaloytube, would fail.

And this started to happen. Thecooling could not be restored before therewas some (very limited, but still)damage to the casing of some of thefuel. The nuclear material itselfwas still intact, but the surrounding Zircaloy shell had started melting. What happened now is that some of the byproducts of the uranium decay – radioactive Cesium and Iodine – started to mix with thesteam. Thebig problem, uranium,was still under control, because the uranium oxide rods weregood until 3000 °C. It is confirmed that a very smallamount of Cesium and Iodinewas measured in thesteam thatwas released into theatmosphere.

It seems thiswas the “gosignal” for amajorplan B. The smallamounts of Cesium that were measured told the operators that the first containmentonone of the rods somewherewas about to give. The Plan A had been to restoreone of the regularcooling systems to thecore.Why that failed is unclear.One plausible explanation is that thetsunami also tookaway / pollutedall theclean water needed for the regularcooling systems.

The water used in thecooling system is veryclean, demineralized (like distilled) water.The reason to use pure water is the above mentioned activation by the neutrons from the Uranium: Pure waterdoes notget activated much, sostays practically radioactive-free. Dirt orsalt in the water willabsorb the neutrons quicker, becomingmore radioactive. Thishas no effect whatsoeveron thecore – itdoes not care what it iscooled by. But it makeslifemore difficult for the operators and mechanics when they have to deal with activated (i.e. slightly radioactive) water.

But Plan A had failed –cooling systems down or additionalclean water unavailable – soPlan B came into effect. This is what it looks like happened:

In order to prevent acore meltdown, the operators started to use sea water tocool thecore. Iam not quite sure if they flooded our pressure cooker with it (the second containment), or if they flooded the third containment, immersing the pressure cooker. But that is not relevant for us.

Thepoint is that the nuclearfuelhas now beencooled down. Because thechain reactionhas been stopped a longtime ago, there isonly verylittle residualheatbeing produced now. The largeamount ofcooling water thathas been used is sufficient totake up thatheat. Because it is a lot of water, thecoredoes not produce sufficientheat anymore to produce any significant pressure. Also, boricacidhas been added to the seawater. Boricacid is “liquid control rod”. Whatever decay is stillgoingon, the Boron will capture the neutrons and further speed up thecooling down of thecore.

Theplant came close to acore meltdown. Here is theworst-case scenario thatwas avoided: If the seawater could not have been used for treatment, the operators would have continued to vent the watersteam to avoid pressure buildup. The third containment would then have been completely sealed toallow thecore meltdown to happen without releasing radioactive material. After the meltdown, there would have been a waiting period for the intermediate radioactive materials to decay inside the reactor,and all radioactive particles to settleon asurface inside the containment. Thecooling system would have been restored eventually, and the moltencorecooled to a manageable temperature. The containment would have beencleaned upon the inside. Then a messy job of removing the moltencore from the containment would have begun, packing the (now solidagain)fuelbit bybit into transportation containers to be shipped toprocessingplants. Dependingon thedamage, the block of theplant would then either be repaired or dismantled.

Now, wheredoes that leave us?

・Theplant is safe now and willstay safe.

・Japan is lookingat an INESLevel 4Accident: Nuclearaccident with local consequences. That is bad for the company that owns theplant, but not for anyone else.

・Some radiationwas released when the pressure vesselwas vented.All radioactive isotopes from the activatedsteam havegone (decayed). A very smallamount of Cesiumwas released,as wellas Iodine. Ifyou were sittingontop of theplants’ chimney when they were venting,you should probably give up smoking to return toyour formerlife expectancy. The Cesium and Iodine isotopes were carriedout to the sea and will never be seenagain.

・Therewas some limiteddamage to the first containment. That means that someamounts of radioactive Cesium and Iodine will also be released into thecooling water, but no Uranium or other nasty stuff (the Uranium oxidedoes not “dissolve” in the water). There are facilities for treating thecooling water inside the third containment. The radioactive Cesium and Iodine will be removed there and eventually storedas radioactivewaste in terminal storage.

・The seawater usedascooling water will be activated to some degree. Because the control rods are fully inserted, the Uraniumchain reaction is not happening. That means the “main” nuclear reaction is not happening, thus not contributing to the activation. The intermediate radioactive materials (Cesium and Iodine) are also almostgoneat this stage, because the Uranium decaywas stopped a longtime ago. This further reduces the activation. Thebottom line is that there will be somelowlevel of activation of the seawater, which will also be removed by the treatment facilities.

・The seawater will then be replacedover time with the “normal”cooling water

・The reactorcore will then be dismantled and transported to aprocessing facility, just like during a regularfuelchange.

・Fuel rods and the entireplant will be checked for potentialdamage. This willtake about 4-5 years.

・The safety systemsonallJapaneseplants will be upgraded to withstand a 9.0 earthquake andtsunami (or worse)

・Ibelievethe most significant problem will be a prolongedpower shortage. About half ofJapan’s nuclear reactors will probably have to be inspected, reducing the nation’spower generating capacity by 15%. This will probably be covered by runninggaspowerplants that are usuallyonly used forpeak loads to cover some of thebase loadas well. That will increaseyour electricity bill,as wellaslead to potentialpower shortages duringpeak demand, inJapan.

Ifyou want tostay informed, please forget the usual mediaoutlets and consult the following websites:

http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_Battle_to_stabilise_earthquake_reactors_1203111.html

http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/03/12/japan-nuclear-earthquake/

http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/03/11/media-updates-on-nuclear-power-stations-in-japan/

Permalink |記事への反応(1) | 03:06

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