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SAO/NASA ADS ->Help ->The ADS Data | |
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The main body of data in the ADS consists of bibliographic records,which are searchable through ourAbstract Service query forms,and full-text scans of much of the astronomical literature which canbe browsed though ourBrowse Service The abstracts database contains data from many different sources. Theinitial dataset was from NASA's Scientific and Technical Informationgroup (STI) and covered the years 1975-1995. After that, we begancollecting data directly from the journals as agreements were reachedwith them individually. In addition, we have collected referencesfromSIMBAD,NED,conference editors, and individual authors.We have created electronic records from table of contents ofmost journals and conference series back to volume 1 as we have scanned them in order to provide complete bibliographic coverage. All bibliographic records include anOrigin field which details where a given abstract came from. Incases where we have the same paper from multiple sources, we currentlylist them in the order above, but will soon merge the information intoone complete record. It should be noted that we no longer receive datafrom STI, but that those abstracts in the system from STI arerewritten versions of the original author abstract.Ourlist of originsincludes information onwhere some of our data come from. Click on ourJournal Abbreviation Listto see a full list of journals and their abbreviations. The full-text scans available in the ADS can be browsed through theADS Browse Service.The scans were created by digitizing printed issues of astronomicalpublications. For more information on the full-text archive, pleasesee theScanned Literature help page. Many articles that are not scanned in the ADS may beorderedfrom theCenter for Aerospace Information(CASI). Many of the dissertation citations contained in the ADS are published with thepermission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission.Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600Web page:https://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml The abstract databases contain records from hundreds ofpublications, colloquia, symposia, proceedings, and internal NASA reports.These sources cover diverse loosely astronomy-related subjects, rangingfrom Electrical Engineering through Optics to Particle Physics. Theyinclude the larger American astronomical journals: Astronomical Journal,Astrophysical Journal, Icarus, Publications of the Astronomical Society ofthe Pacific, etc, as well as many Non-American journals:Astronomy & Astrophysics, Monthly Notices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety, Publications of the Astronomical Societ of Japan / Australia /India, Astrophysical Journal of the Soviet Union / Australia / Ireland, etc.,as well as more general interest journals such as Science, New Scientist,Nature, Mercury, Sky and Telescope, etc.. Complete coverage is only guaranteedfor those journals we have scanned and placed online. That information islisted on ourarticle service page. Creating unique Bibliographic codes (bibcodes from here on)allows us to identify literature in our database. Using a standardbibliographic format, as explained below, we can easily identify differentbibliographic records and users can efficiently search for them. The bibliographic code is a 19 digit identifier which describes the journalarticle. The format was originally adopted by the SIMBAD and NED projects,and follows the syntax:
Alist of journal abbreviationsalready in use is available on-line.Here are some abbreviations for the most popular Journals: ApJ: Astrophysical JournalApJS: Astrophysical Journal SupplementsApJ: Astrophysical Journal Letters (with anL in the Qualifier position).AJ: Astronomical JournalA&A: Astronomy & AstrophysicsA&AS: Astronomy & Astrophysics SupplementsMNRAS: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyPASP: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the PacificPASA: Publications of the Astronomical Society of AustraliaPASAu: Proceedings of the Astronomical Society of AustraliaPASJ: Publications of the Astronomical Society of JapanIn order to accommodate conference proceedings and technical reports,the ADS has modified the original bibliographic codedefinition in order to present identifiers which are easilyrecognizable to the user. Conference proceedings, books, colloquia,workshops, and reports in the ADS typically contain a four letter word in thevolume field such asconf,book,coll,work,orrept; all other type of proceedings use the identifierproc. For these bibliographic codes, thejournal field typically consists of the first letter from importantwords in the title (e.g.ioda.book for ''Information and On-LineData in Astronomy''). Several oddities exist for bibcodes which do not fit into this paradigm.PhD theses, for example, contain a counter in lieu of a page number todistinguish between those written during the same year by authors whosesurnames start with the same letter. Physical Review bibcodes began using an 6-digit id number in the late1990's instead of a page number. For these articles, we haveconverted the first 2-digits of the id (which correspond to the issuenumber) into a lower-case letter in the 14th column. We then use theremaining 4 digits in the page number field. For conference abstracts submitted by the editors of a proceedingsprior to publication, we often do not have page numbers. In thiscase, we use a counter in lieu of a page number and use an "E"(forElectronic) in the fourteenth column, the qualifier forpublication. If these conference abstracts are then published, theirbibliographic codes are replaced by a bibliographic code complete withpage number. If the conference abstracts are published only on-line,they retain their electronic bibliographic code with its "E" andcounter number. We have created two separate interfaces toassist our users and collaborators in searching and verifying the existence of records in our databases:
Updates to our databases are performed approximately every week, then mirrored to all of our mirror sites. Therefore, any new information added or change made to the databases does not become available immediately; rather it may takeup to a week to become active. Corrections arealways welcome, for example misspellings, missing pages/scans, broken links,etc. We also encourage you to submit original author abstracts to usthrough ourhttps://adsset.cfa.harvard.edu/adsfeedback/submit_abstract.htmlAbstract Submission Form. We would like to thank the following publishers for theircontributions and cooperation:
* Heinz Andernach, Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico * Marsha Bishop, NRAO * Will Graves, CfA * Chris Erdmann, CfA * Sergei Grebenev, Space Research Institute, Moscow * Uta Grothkopf, ESO * Jill Lagerstrom, SCScI * Richard Mathar, Sterrewacht Universiteit Leiden * Megan Nunemaker, NRAO * Wayne Osborn, Central Michigan University * Joe Tenn, Sonoma State University * Lance Utley, NRAOAdditionally we thank those who have donatedmaterials to be scanned. | |
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